The BK virus is a member of the polyomavirus family. BK viral infections are typically asymptomatic in healthy individuals, however very mild symptoms may appear including mild respiratory infections and fever. Once an individual has been infected the virus disseminates to the kidneys and the urinary tract where it remains for the lifetime of the individual. Infections with BK virus in immunocompromised or immunosupressed patients are much more severe and may involve renal dysfunction. In fact, in kidney transplant patients the immunosupressive drugs required for the transplant may allow the virus to replicate within the graft, resulting in a disease called BK virus nephropathy (BKVN). It is thought that 1-10% of renal transplant patients progress to BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) and up to 80% of these patients are reported to have lost their grafts. The onset of nephritis can occur as early as several days post-transplant to as late as 5 years. The mode of transmission of the virus is not clear, however it has been suggested that BKV may be transmitted through respiratory fluids or urine, since infected individuals periodically excrete virus in the urine. This virus can be diagnosed by BKV blood & urine testing, in addition to carrying out a biopsy in the kidneys. PCR techniques are now widely used to identify the virus.
BKV TaqMan PCR Kit, 100 reactions
BKV TaqMan PCR Probe/Primer Set and Controls, 100 reactions
For research use only and NOT intended for in vitro diagnostics.
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Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All kit components can be stored for 2 years after the date of production without showing any reduction in performance.
All kit components should be stored at -20°C upon arrival. Repeated thawing and freezing (> 2 x) of the Master Mix and Positive Control should be avoided, as this may affect the performance of the assay. If the reagents are to be used only intermittently, they should be frozen in aliquots.
| Component | Cat. TM36550 (100 preps) | Cat. TM36510 (100 preps) |
|---|---|---|
| MDx TaqMan 2X PCR Master Mix | 2 x 700 μL | – |
| BKV Primer & Probe Mix | 280 μL | 280 μL |
| BKV Positive Control | 150 μL | 150 μL |
| Nuclease-Free Water (Negative Control) | 1.25 mL | 1.25 mL |
| Product Insert | 1 | 1 |
The Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to purify and enrich for intact exosomes from different plasma/serum sample volumes ranging from 50 µL to 10 mL. These kits also allow for the purification of intact extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different plasma/serum sample volumes, and these EVs are ready for any downstream application. The purification is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin.
These kits provide a clear advantage over other available methods since they do not require any special instrumentation, ultracentrifugation, precipitation reagents or any protease treatments. More importantly, the purified exosomes will not be contaminated with any other RNA-binding proteins that may contaminate your exosomal RNA, which is essential if studying exosomal transcripts.
NanoSight® Analysis
Exosomes enriched with Norgen’s Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Kits can be analyzed using NanoSight® for assessing the approximate exosome size range and concentration
Exosomal RNA Analysis
To purify exosomes and isolate exosomal RNA, choose the Plasma/serum Exosome Purification and RNA isolation kits. The protocol is divided into 2 parts and an aliquot of purified exosomes can be taken for applications like NTA/TEM etc. before processing them for RNA isolation. Or you can use the Exosomal RNA Isolation Kit if you’ve already purified exosomes using a Norgen kit or another method. . Exosomal RNA isolation is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin without the need for phenol extractions or carrier RNA. This RNA is ideal for gene expression analysis using RT-qPCR, microarray, or NGS and for biomarker discovery.
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| Kit Specifications | |
| Plasma/Serum Input (Cat. 57400) | 50 μL – 1 mL |
| Plasma/Serum Input (Cat. 57500) | 1 mL – 4 mL |
| Plasma/Serum Input (Cat. 57600) | 4 mL – 10 mL |
| Size of Exosomes Purified | 40 nm – 150 nm |
| Elution Volume | Variable depending on the plasma/serum input volume |
| Time to Complete 10 Purifications | 15 – 30 minutes |
Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipment.
Important Note
This kit is suitable for the purification of exosomes from fresh or frozen serum or plasma prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate. Plasma samples prepared from blood collected on heparin should not be used as heparin can significantly interfere with many downstream applications such as RT-PCR.
| Component | Cat. 57400 (50 preps) | Cat. 57500 (25 preps) | Cat. 57600 (15 preps) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Slurry E | 12.5 mL | 12.5 mL | 12.5 mL |
| ExoC Buffer | 8 mL | 8 mL | 2 x 8 mL |
| ExoR Buffer | 12 mL | 12 mL | 12 mL |
| Mini Filter Spin Columns inserted into 2 mL tubes | 50 | 25 | 15 |
| Product Insert | 1 | 1 | 1 |
K-LMALMQ
60 assays per kit
| Content: | 60 assays per kit |
| Shipping Temperature: | Ambient |
| Storage Temperature: | Short term stability: 2-8oC, Long term stability: See individual component labels |
| Stability: | > 2 years under recommended storage conditions |
| Analyte: | L-Malic Acid |
| Assay Format: | Spectrophotometer |
| Detection Method: | Absorbance |
| Wavelength (nm): | 505 |
| Signal Response: | Increase |
| Linear Range: | 0.15 to 15 µg of L-malic acid per assay (i.e. 0.007-0.75 g/L with a 20 µL sample volume) |
| Limit of Detection: | 15.4 mg/L |
| Reaction Time (min): | ~ 6 min |
| Application examples: | Wine, beer, fruit juices, soft drinks, candies, fruit and vegetables, bread, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and other materials (e.g. biological cultures, samples, etc.). |
| Method recognition: | Novel method |
This product has been discontinued (read more).
The L-Malic Acid test kit is suitable for the measurement and analysis of L-malic acid in grapes, grape juice and wine using the MegaQuant™ colorimeter (measurement at 505 nm). Suitable for white and red wines at all stages of the winemaking process.
Show all organic acid assay kits.
Advantages
The L-Malic Acid test kit is suitable for the measurement and analysis of L-malic acid in grapes, grape juice and wine using the MegaQuant™ colorimeter (measurement at 505 nm). Suitable for white and red wines at all stages of the winemaking process.