DBCO-PEG12-NHS Ester is a monodisperse PEG linker which enable free copper click chemistry with N3 group. NHS ester moiety can react specifically and efficiently with primary amines to form a covalent amide bond. The hydrophilic PEG spacer arm improves water solubility and provides a long and flexible connection that minimizes steric hindrance involved with ligation. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
DBCO-PEG12-NHS Ester is a monodisperse PEG linker which enable free copper click chemistry with N3 group. NHS ester moiety can react specifically and efficiently with primary amines to form a covalent amide bond. The hydrophilic PEG spacer arm improves water solubility and provides a long and flexible connection that minimizes steric hindrance involved with ligation. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
endo-BCN-PEG3-Gly represents an ADC linker featuring a BCN group, a hydrophilic PEG3 linker, and glycine residue. The BCN group is a click chemistry handle that readily reacts with azide groups on a target molecule to form stable triazole linkages. The PEG units enhance the aqueous solubility of the compound and may assist in fine-tuning DMPK properties. This compound may be applied to the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates.
endo-BCN-PEG3-Gly represents an ADC linker featuring a BCN group, a hydrophilic PEG3 linker, and glycine residue. The BCN group is a click chemistry handle that readily reacts with azide groups on a target molecule to form stable triazole linkages. The PEG units enhance the aqueous solubility of the compound and may assist in fine-tuning DMPK properties. This compound may be applied to the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates.
Bisulfite seq is a well know technology to detect DNA methylation and several technologies such as WGBS, RRBS, MeDIP-Seq, and MSBS are used for whole genome DNA methylation analysis. DNA methylation is important for regulation of cell development, differentiation and gene expression in molecular biology, genetics and epigenetics. Most methylated cytosines are found at CpG sites, and 70-80% of cytosines are methylated. The number of CpG sites in human genome is around 28 million, which is less than 1% of the genome compared with 4.4% expected.
Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) is the most effective method of DNA methylation analysis. The only limitation is the sequencing cost is very high because the whole genome is sequenced including all the non-methylated regions.
Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) is the reduced representation of a smaller fraction of the methylated CpG sites. RRBS combines restriction enzyme digestion and bisulfite sequencing, and enriches the sequencing for methylated CpG sites. It is an efficient technology for estimate the whole genome methylation patterns at the single base level. Although this allows a higher coverage depth and reduces the sequencing cost, the limitation is only 10% of the methylated CpG sites are covered.
Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (MeDIP-Seq) is another whole genome enrichment technique used for selection of methylated DNA. Using antibodies against 5-methylcytosine, methylated DNA is enriched from whole genomic DNA via immunoprecipitation. 5-methylcytosine antibodies are incubated with fragmented genomic DNA and precipitated, followed by DNA purification and sequencing. There are several drawbacks of MeDIP-Seq: 1. Low resolution (150~200 bp) as opposed to the single base resolution; 2. Non-specific interaction due to antibody specificity and selectivity. 3. Bias towards hypermethylated regions.
The Methylation Specific Bisulfite Seq (MSBS) Library Prep Kit (illumina platform) was developed for construction of NGS libraries for methylated CpG sites using bisulfite treated DNA (20 ng – 500 ng) as input. The kit enriches methylated CpG regions, thus significantly reduce the sequencing cost. The kit estimates the whole genome methylation patterns at the single base level since it is based on a bisulfite-seq technology.
It is known that bisulfite treatment of completed NGS libraries causes tremendous damage to the libraries. By using bisulfite treated DNA as input, the kit overcomes the significant library loss due to the bisulfite conversion. The kit contains a mixture of PCR polymerases that have high-fidelity amplification and uracil tolerance which is ideal for bisulfite treated DNA.
Methylation Specific Bisulfite Seq Library Prep Kit Workflow
Three index types are available for the kit:
Non-index (Cat.# 30101): Libraries do not have index.
Index (Cat.# 30102): Each primer contains a unique barcode sequence of 6 bases to identify the individual library. Library multiplexing capacity is up to 48 samples. Index information can be downloaded here.
Unique dual index (Cat.# 30103): The multiplexing of bisulfite sequencing library is up to 96 samples with unique dual indexes. We used a Four-Base Difference Index System to generate indexes that have at least 4 bases different from each other in the 8-base index. The index primers remove NGS errors including index cross-contamination, index hopping, reads mis-assignment etc. Index information can be downloaded here.
MSBS Library Prep Kit enriches CpG sites
High methylation regions and low methylation regions in human genome.
High methylation region in human genome.
Low methylation region in human genome.
Sequencing setting: Single-end 35 cycles (Read 1, 35 bases) recommended
To maximize the methylated CpG enrichment, we recommend to sequence the MSBS libraries with single end 35 cycles (read1, 35 bases). This is because the enriched methylated CpG sites are mainly located around the beginning of read 1 sequences. Shorter single end reads tend to have better methylated CpG enrichment.
Bisulfite seq is a well know technology to detect DNA methylation and several technologies such as WGBS, RRBS, MeDIP-Seq, and MSBS are used for whole genome DNA methylation analysis. DNA methylation is important for regulation of cell development, differentiation and gene expression in molecular biology, genetics and epigenetics. Most methylated cytosines are found at CpG sites, and 70-80% of cytosines are methylated. The number of CpG sites in human genome is around 28 million, which is less than 1% of the genome compared with 4.4% expected.
ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix combines reverse transcription (RT) and PCR in a single step. This advanced master mix simplifies workflows by eliminating the need for separate reactions for reverse transcription of RNA to cDNA, and PCR amplification from the newly generated cDNA.
ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix is highly efficient and sensitive, enabling detection of low-abundance RNA targets, particularly useful for applications such as gene expression analysis and viral RNA detection. ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix demonstrates robust performance across a wide range of RNA templates and can be employed for both routine and challenging samples.
ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix combines reverse transcription (RT) and PCR in a single step. This advanced master mix simplifies workflows by eliminating the need for separate reactions for reverse transcription of RNA to cDNA, and PCR amplification from the newly generated cDNA. ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix combines reverse transcription (RT) and PCR in a single step. This advanced master mix simplifies workflows by eliminating the need for separate reactions for reverse transcription of RNA to cDNA, and PCR amplification from the newly generated cDNA. ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix combines reverse transcription (RT) and PCR in a single step. This advanced master mix simplifies workflows by eliminating the need for separate reactions for reverse transcription of RNA to cDNA, and PCR amplification from the newly generated cDNA. ProbeSure OneStep RT-PCR Master Mix combines reverse transcription (RT) and PCR in a single step. This advanced master mix simplifies workflows by eliminating the need for separate reactions for reverse transcription of RNA to cDNA, and PCR amplification from the newly generated cDNA.
