For plate-based colorimetric enzymatic determination of alkaline phosphatase:
Distributed in almost every tissue of the body, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels are of interest in the testing for hepatobiliary disorder and bone disease. Most of the ALP in the normal adult serum is from the liver or biliary tract. Normal alkaline phosphatase levels are age-dependent and are elevated during periods of active bone growth. Moderate elevations of ALP (not involving the liver or bone) may be attributed to Hodgkin’s disease, congestive heart failure, and abdominal bacterial infections.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate esters in an alkaline environment, resulting in the formation of an organic radical and inorganic phosphate. In mammals, this enzyme is found mainly in the liver and bones. Marked increase in serum ALP levels, a disease known as hyperalkalinephosphatasemia, has been associated with malignant biliary obstruction, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatic lymphoma, and sarcoidosis.
The kit contains sufficient materials to rapidly test 42 samples in duplicate.
Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which mediates the transport of bile acid, taurocholate and other cholate conjugates across the hepatocyte canalicular membrane into the canaliculus. BSEP is associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2) and benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (BRIC2). PFIC2 caused by mutations in the BSEP gene increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in early life.
Isolate all sizes of circulating and exosomal RNA, including microRNA
Versatile urine input ranges
No phenol extractions
No carrier RNA
Bind and elute all RNA irrespective of size or GC content, without bias
Concentrate circulating RNA and exosomal RNA into flexible elution volumes
Purified RNA is suitable for a variety of downstream applications, including Small RNA Sequencing. Find out more information on Norgen’s NGS services
Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s proprietary resin separation matrix
These kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to purify and concentrate high quality, high purity and inhibitor-free cell-free circulating RNA, including exosomal RNA as well as viral RNA from fresh, preserved or frozen urine samples. All components for the purification are provided in one convenient and fast kit for the easy processing of small input volumes of bodily fluids. The purified urine RNA is fully compatible with all downstream applications including PCR, qPCR, methylation-sensitive reverse transcription qPCR, reverse transcription PCR, Northern blotting, RNase protection and primer extension, expression array assays, and NGS.
Background
Recent evidence indicates that cell-free circulating RNA (cf-RNA) including exosomal RNA in urine contains valuable information for the discovery of biomarkers that can help for the early detection of certain cancer types and for monitoring the disease status as well as for the detection of any infectious pathogens. Exosomes can be found in saliva, blood, urine, amniotic fluid and malignant ascitic fluids, among other biological fluids. Evidence has been accumulating recently that these vesicles act as cellular messengers, conveying information to distant cells and tissues within the body. These exosomes may play a functional role in mediating adaptive immune responses to infectious agents and tumours, tissue repair, neural communication and transfer of pathogenic proteins. For this reason exosomal RNAs may serve as biomarkers for various diseases including cancer. The advantage for using urine as a source for cancer biomarkers is that it can be acquired in large quantities without using invasive procedures. In addition, repeated sampling from the same individual is applicable, which facilitates longitudinal studies. There are many advantages favouring the use of urinary nucleic acid for cancer biomarker discovery over blood, tissue samples or other bodily fluids, including: (1) urine is non-infectious for HIV and less infectious for many other pathogens; (2) the profile of urinary nucleic acid is similar to that in plasma or serum but with a lower concentration; (3) Nucleic acid purification from urine is technically much easier because of its low protein concentration (1000-fold lower than blood).
Urine Cell-Free Circulating RNA Purification Mini Kit
For sample volumes ranging from 2 mL to 10 mL. The first column will handle the large volume input of urine that is followed by a concentration on a mini column for a final elution of 50 µL to 100 µL.
For sample volumes ranging from 10 mL to 30 mL. The first column will handle the large volume input of urine that is followed by a concentration on a mini column for a final elution of 50 µL to 100 µL
All sizes including miRNA and small RNA (< 200 nt)
Elution Volume
50-100 μL
Time to Complete 10 Purifications
40-45 minutes
Average Yields
Variable depending on specimen
*Please check page 6 of the product insert for average yields and common RNA quantification methods.
Storage Conditions and Product Stability All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. These kits are stable for 2 years after the date of shipment. It is recommended to warm Lysis Buffer A for 20 minutes at 60°C if any salt precipitation is observed.
Free-circulating nucleic acids, such as tumor-specific extracellular DNA fragments and mRNAs in the blood or fetal nucleic acids in maternal blood, are present in serum or plasma usually as short fragments, <1000bp (DNA). HiPure Circulating DNA Mini Kit enables efficient purification of these circulating nucleic acids from human plasma, serum, or urine. Samples can be fresh or frozen (provided that they have not been frozen and thawed more than once).
Details
Specifications
Features
Specifications
Main Functions
Isolation circulating DNA from 1ml plasma, serum, body fluids
Applications
qPCR, liquid or solid chip analysis, hybridization and SNP detection, etc.
Purification method
Mini spin column
Purification technology
Silica technology
Process method
Manual (centrifugation or vacuum)
Sample type
Serum, plasma and other cell-free fluid samples
Sample amount
1ml
Elution volume
≥30μl
Time per run
≤50 minutes
Liquid carrying volume per column
800µl
Binding yield of column
100µg
Principle
This product is based on silica gel purification. The sample is lysed and digested with lysate and protease, DNA is released into the lysate. Transfer to an adsorption plate and filter column. Nucleic acid is adsorbed on the membrane, while protein is not adsorbed and is removed with filtration. After washing proteins and other impurities, nucleic acid was finally eluted with low-salt buffer (10 Mm Tris,pH 8.0).
Advantages
High yield – most optimal process, free DNA (>50bp) can be obtained to the maximum extent
High concentration – low elution volume, ensuring high nucleic acid concentration
High purity – low alcohol binding method, completely removing inhibitor and protein pollution
High recovery – DNA can be recovered at the level of PG by silica gel column purification
Kit Contents
Contents
D318102
D318103
Purification Times
50 Preps
250 Preps
Buffer ACL
50 ml
250 ml
Buffer ACB*
60 ml
300 ml
Buffer DCW1*
22 ml
88 ml
Buffer DCW2*
10 ml
50 ml
Proteinase K
120 mg
540 mg
Protease Dissolve Buffer
10 ml
30 ml
Carrier RNA
110 μg
310 μg
Nuclease Free Water
10 ml
30 ml
HiPure CFDNA Mini Columns
50
250
2 ml Collection Tubes
100
500
Storage and Stability
Proteinase K and carrier RNA should be stored at 2–8°C upon arrival. However, short-term storage(up to 12 weeks) at room temperature (15–25°C) does not affect their performance. The remainingkit components can be stored dry at room temperature (15–25°C) and are stable for at least 18 months under these conditions.The entire kit can be stored at 2–8°C, but in this case buffers shouldbe redissolved before use. Make sure that all buffers are at room temperature when used.
Document
Free-circulating nucleic acids, such as tumor-specific extracellular DNA fragments and mRNAs in the blood or fetal nucleic acids in maternal blood, are present in serum or plasma usually as short fragments,
