Usage: For isolating lactose-fermenting Gram-negative enteric bacilli.
Approximative Formula(Per Liter)
Pancreatic Digest of Gelatin 17g
Peptones(meat and casein) 3.0g
Lactose Monohydrate 10g
Sodium Chloride 5g
Bile Salts 1.5g
Agar 13.5g
Neutral Red 30mg
Crystal Violet 1mg
Final pH 7.1±0.2
Directions: Suspend 50g in 1 L of distilled or deionized water. Heat with frequent agitation to dissolve. Boil 1~2min. Distribute into flasks. Cool to 45~50°C and pour into sterile petri dishes.
Storage: Keep container tightly closed, store in a dry place, away from bright light.
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), also known as CD274 or B7 Homolog 1 (B7-H1), is a transmembrane protein involved in suppressing the immune system and rendering tumor cells resistant to CD8 T cell-mediated lysis through binding of the Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor. Overexpression of PD-L1 may allow cancer cells to evade the actions of the host immune system. In renal cell carcinoma, upregulation of PD-L1 has been linked to increased tumor aggressiveness and risk of death, and, in ovarian cancer, higher expression of this protein has lead to significantly poorer prognosis. PD-L1 has also been linked to systemic lupus erythematosus and cutaneous melanoma. When considered in adjunct with CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density, expression levels of PD-L1 may be a useful predictor of multiple cancer types, including stage III non-small cell lung cancer, hormone receptor negative breast cancer, and sentinel lymph node melanoma.
Isolate all sizes of circulating and exosomal RNA, including microRNA
Versatile plasma/serum input ranges
No phenol extractions
No carrier RNA
Bind and elute all RNA irrespective of size or GC content, without bias
Concentrate circulating RNA and exosomal RNA into a flexible elution volume
High quality, purified RNA is suitable for a variety of downstream applications, including Small RNA Sequencing. Find out more information on Norgen’s NGS services
Compatible with Streck Cell-Free RNA BCT® Tubes
Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s proprietary resin separation matrix
These kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to purify and concentrate high quality, high purity and inhibitor-free cell-free circulating and exosomal RNA using a convenient spin column method. These kits can purify RNA from fresh or frozen serum or plasma samples prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate. Plasma samples prepared from blood collected on heparin should not be used, as heparin can significantly interfere with many downstream applications such as RT-PCR. The purified plasma/serum RNA is fully compatible with all downstream applications including PCR, qPCR, methylation-sensitive reverse transcription qPCR, reverse transcription PCR, Northern blotting, RNase protection and primer extension, expression array assays, and NGS.
Background
Plasma/Serum cell-free circulating RNA or exosomal RNA has the potential to provide biomarkers for certain cancers and disease states. Exosomes are 40 – 150 nm membrane vesicles, which are secreted by most cell types. Exosomes can be found in saliva, blood, urine, amniotic fluid and malignant ascitic fluids, among other biological fluids. Evidence has been accumulating recently that these vesicles act as cellular messengers, conveying information to distant cells and tissues within the body. These exosomes may play a functional role in mediating adaptive immune responses to infectious agents and tumours, tissue repair, neural communication and transfer of pathogenic proteins. For this reason exosomal RNAs may serve as biomarkers for various diseases including cancer. As the RNA molecules encapsulated within exosomes are protected from degradation by RNAses they can be efficiently recovered from biological fluids, such as plasma or serum.
Plasma/Serum RNA Purification Mini Kit
This kit can purify RNA from fresh or frozen serum or plasma samples prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate, from volumes ranging from 50 µL to 200 µL. The purified plasma/serum RNA is eluted in a flexible final volume of 10 µL to 25 µL.
Plasma/Serum RNA Purification Midi Kit
This utilizes a two column method, and can purify RNA from fresh or frozen serum or plasma samples prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate, from volumes ranging from 250 µL to 1.5 mL. The first column will handle the large volume input of bodily fluids that is followed by a concentration on a mini column for a final elution of 50 µL to 100 µL.
Plasma/Serum RNA Purification Maxi Kit
This kit can purify RNA from fresh or frozen serum or plasma samples prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate, from volumes ranging from 2 mL to 5 mL. The first column will handle the large volume input of bodily fluids that is followed by a concentration on a mini column for a final elution of 50 µL to 100 µL.
*This kit is suitable for the isolation of RNA from fresh or frozen serum or plasma prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate. Plasma samples prepared from blood collected on heparin should not be used as heparin can significantly interfere with many downstream applications such as RT-PCR.
**Please check page 7 for Average Plasma/Serum Yields and Common RNA Quantification Methods.
Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All solutions should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipment. It is recommended to warm Lysis Buffer A for 20 minutes at 60°C if any salt precipitation is observed.
