| Clone | IHC411 |
| Source | Rabbit Monoclonal |
| Positive Control | Tonsil, Lung Adenocarcinoma |
| Dilution Range | 1:200 |
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), also known as CD274 or B7 Homolog 1 (B7-H1), is a transmembrane protein involved in suppressing the immune system and rendering tumor cells resistant to CD8 T cell-mediated lysis through binding of the Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor. Overexpression of PD-L1 may allow cancer cells to evade the actions of the host immune system. In renal cell carcinoma, upregulation of PD-L1 has been linked to increased tumor aggressiveness and risk of death, and, in ovarian cancer, higher expression of this protein has lead to significantly poorer prognosis. PD-L1 has also been linked to systemic lupus erythematosus and cutaneous melanoma. When considered in adjunct with CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density, expression levels of PD-L1 may be a useful predictor of multiple cancer types, including stage III non-small cell lung cancer, hormone receptor negative breast cancer, and sentinel lymph node melanoma.
The Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to purify and enrich for intact exosomes from different plasma/serum sample volumes ranging from 50 µL to 10 mL. These kits also allow for the purification of intact extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different plasma/serum sample volumes, and these EVs are ready for any downstream application. The purification is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin.
These kits provide a clear advantage over other available methods since they do not require any special instrumentation, ultracentrifugation, precipitation reagents or any protease treatments. More importantly, the purified exosomes will not be contaminated with any other RNA-binding proteins that may contaminate your exosomal RNA, which is essential if studying exosomal transcripts.
NanoSight® Analysis
Exosomes enriched with Norgen’s Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Kits can be analyzed using NanoSight® for assessing the approximate exosome size range and concentration
Exosomal RNA Analysis
To purify exosomes and isolate exosomal RNA, choose the Plasma/serum Exosome Purification and RNA isolation kits. The protocol is divided into 2 parts and an aliquot of purified exosomes can be taken for applications like NTA/TEM etc. before processing them for RNA isolation. Or you can use the Exosomal RNA Isolation Kit if you’ve already purified exosomes using a Norgen kit or another method. . Exosomal RNA isolation is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin without the need for phenol extractions or carrier RNA. This RNA is ideal for gene expression analysis using RT-qPCR, microarray, or NGS and for biomarker discovery.
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| Kit Specifications | |
| Plasma/Serum Input (Cat. 57400) | 50 μL – 1 mL |
| Plasma/Serum Input (Cat. 57500) | 1 mL – 4 mL |
| Plasma/Serum Input (Cat. 57600) | 4 mL – 10 mL |
| Size of Exosomes Purified | 40 nm – 150 nm |
| Elution Volume | Variable depending on the plasma/serum input volume |
| Time to Complete 10 Purifications | 15 – 30 minutes |
Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipment.
Important Note
This kit is suitable for the purification of exosomes from fresh or frozen serum or plasma prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate. Plasma samples prepared from blood collected on heparin should not be used as heparin can significantly interfere with many downstream applications such as RT-PCR.
| Component | Cat. 57400 (50 preps) | Cat. 57500 (25 preps) | Cat. 57600 (15 preps) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Slurry E | 12.5 mL | 12.5 mL | 12.5 mL |
| ExoC Buffer | 8 mL | 8 mL | 2 x 8 mL |
| ExoR Buffer | 12 mL | 12 mL | 12 mL |
| Mini Filter Spin Columns inserted into 2 mL tubes | 50 | 25 | 15 |
| Product Insert | 1 | 1 | 1 |
TCO-PEG8-DBCO is a heterobifunctional click chemistry reagent containing a TCO and a DBCO moiety. TCO group specifically and efficiently reacts with terrahydrazine at fast speed. DBCO is very reactive toward Azide through copper free click chemistry, the PEG spacer increases the aqueous solubility of the reagent. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
TCO-PEG8-DBCO is a heterobifunctional click chemistry reagent containing a TCO and a DBCO moiety. TCO group specifically and efficiently reacts with terrahydrazine at fast speed. DBCO is very reactive toward Azide through copper free click chemistry, the PEG spacer increases the aqueous solubility of the reagent. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.