The BK virus is a member of the polyomavirus family. It has been suggested that this virus may be transmitted through respiratory fluids or urine, since infected individuals periodically excrete virus in the urine. BK viral infections are typically asymptomatic in healthy individuals, however very mild symptoms may appear including mild respiratory infections and fever. Infections with BK virus in immunocompromised or immunosupressed patients are much more severe and may involve renal dysfunction. In fact, in kidney transplant patients the immunosupressive drugs required for the transplant may allow the virus to replicate within the graft, resulting in a disease called BK virus nephropathy (BKVN). The JC virus is a type of human polyomavirus and is very common in the general population, infecting 70 to 90% of humans. Most people acquire JCV in childhood or adolescence. Typically the infection is subclinical and no of consequence in individuals with healthy immune systems. The initial site of infection may be the tonsils or the gastrointestinal tract, and the virus then remains latent in the gastrointestinal tract. JCV can also infect the tubular epithelial cells in the kidneys, where it continues to reproduce, shedding virus particles in the urine. Also, JCV can cross the blood-brain barrier into the central nervous system. JCV is known to cause the usually fatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) by destroying oligodendrocytes in the brain in immunodeficient or immunosuppressed individuals. The JC and BK viruses are very similar, with their genomes sharing 75% homology. It is however important to differentiate between the viruses due to the differences in pathology and especially the invariably fatal outcome of PML which is only caused by the JC virus.
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Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All kit components can be stored for 2 years after the date of production without showing any reduction in performance.
All kit components should be stored at -20°C upon arrival.
| Component | Cat. TM39350 (100 preps) | Cat. TM39310 (100 preps) |
|---|---|---|
| MDx TaqMan 2X PCR Master Mix | 2 x 700 μL | – |
| BKV/JCV Primer & Probe Mix | 280 μL | 280 μL |
| BKV/JCV Positive Control | 150 μL | 150 μL |
| Nuclease-Free Water (Negative Control) | 1.25 mL | 1.25 mL |
| Product Insert | 1 | 1 |
Norgen’s Urine Preservative is designed for the rapid preservation of DNA, RNA, microRNA and proteins from fresh urine samples. In addition, the Urine Preservative eliminates the need to immediately process or freeze samples and allows the samples to be shipped to centralized testing facilities at ambient temperatures. The components of the Urine Preservative allow samples to be stored for over 2 years at room temperature with no detected degradation of urine DNA, RNA or proteins.
Norgen’s Urine Preservative is available in 2 convenient formats:
1. Urine Preservative Single Dose Ampules
With this product Norgen’s Urine Preservative is supplied in a liquid format in single dose ampules. The user simply collects 5 – 50 mL of urine into a urine collection container and adds the contents of the Urine Preservative Single Dose (Cat# 18126). The urine and preservative are then mixed, and the urine nucleic acids and proteins are preserved at room temperature.
2. Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes
Norgen’s Urine Preservative is also available in a dried format in Norgen’s Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes. The user simply collects urine into the tubes and mixes gently until the orange preservative pellet in the tube has dissolved. Norgen’s Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes are available in 3 convenient sizes:
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Select Urine Tested with the Norgen Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes
Human
Mouse
Lynx
Wolf
Urine collected from snow
Available Sizes and Formats
Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All tubes should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature (15 – 25°C) for up to 2 years without any reduction in performance.
| Kit Components | Cat. 18118 (50 tubes) | Cat. 18122 (50 tubes) | Cat. 18113 (50 tubes) | Cat. 18126 (50 tubes) | Cat. 18129 (1 cup) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes (5 cc) | 50 | – | – | – | – |
| Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes (15 cc) | – | 50 | – | – | – |
| Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes (50 cc) | – | – | 50 | – | – |
| Urine Preservative Single Dose | – | – | – | 50 | – |
| Urine Collection and Preservation Cup (120 cc) | – | – | – | – | 1 |
| ID Labels | 50 | – | – | 50 | – |
| Product Insert | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Influenza virus infection of birds, humans and other animals is a major public health problem worldwide. Influenza viruses are classified as either type A, B or C based on differences in their nucleoproteins and matrix proteins. The type A viruses are the most virulent human pathogens among the three influenza types and cause the most severe disease and epidemics. The different types can be further classified into subtypes based on antigenic differences in two surface glycoproteins; hemagglutinin and neuroamidase. All known subtypes of influenza A can be found in birds (H1-H16, N1-N9), while a limited number of the subtypes have been found in humans (H1-H3, N1 and N2). However, over the past few years, various subtypes of Influenza A viruses, including H5N1, have been reported to infect humans (WHO, 2006). In addition, the coexistence of human influenza viruses and avian influenza viruses may provide an opportunity for genetic material to be exchanged between these viruses. This could potentially create a new virulent influenza strain that is easily transmissible and lethal to humans (Food Safety Research Information Office, 2006). Thus, there is the need for sensitive diagnostic tests to allow for the rapid and early detection of these H5 influenza virus infections, to help reduce the risk of epidemics or pandemics in both animals and humans.
H5N1 TaqMan RT-PCR Kit, 100 reactions
H5N1 TaqMan RT-PCR Probe/Primer Set and Controls, 100 reactions
For research use only and NOT intended for in vitro diagnostics.
Figure 1 / 3
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Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All kit components can be stored for 1 year after the date of production without showing any reduction in performance.
All kit components should be stored at -20°C upon arrival.
| Component | Cat. TM35450 (100 preps) | Cat. TM35410 (100 preps) |
|---|---|---|
| MDx TaqMan 2X PCR Master Mix | 2 x 700 μL | – |
| H5N1 Primer & Probe Mix | 280 μL | 280 μL |
| H5N1 Positive Control | 150 μL | 150 μL |
| Nuclease-Free Water (Negative Control) | 1.25 mL | 1.25 mL |
| Product Insert | 1 | 1 |
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