Not all cyanobacterial strains produce toxins. However, the toxin-producing strains cannot be distinguished from the nontoxin-producing strains by traditional light microscopy, commonlyused to monitor water bodies. An alternative for the differentiation of potentially toxic strains from nontoxic strains is to use molecular methods to detect the presence of toxin biosynthetic genes. Such methods are already available and could be used for the detection and identification of potential microcystin and nodularin producers present in environmental samples (Attogene catalog number NA2024).
Screening for the toxin itself, can be very costly. In turn, real time PCR for the detection of a gene region responsible for assembling in cyanobacterial strains and environmental samples can be a key indicator for the prescense of cyanobacteria capable of expressing the aetokthonotoxin toxin. Attogen has thus, designed primer pairs and probes targeting a the conserved gene region in order to enable the amplification and detection of several producer genera using real time PCR. Screening for the toxin genes can save significant costs and act as a triage for samples needing to be analyzed for the toxin itself.
Cyanobacterial neurotoxin aetokthonotoxin (AETX), a peculiar pentabrominated biindole alkaloid implicated in fatal Vacuolar Myelinopathy. This neurodegenerative disease was first recorded in 1994 during an outbreak of bald-eagle poisonings at De Gray Lake in Arkansas, USA. AETX was experimentally confirmed to be produced by the true branching heterocytous cyanobacterium Aetokthonos hydrillicola. The production of AETX is dependent on bromide (Br−) availability, and likely linked to its hyper-accumulation by the host plan. Thus regular monitoring of A. hydrillicola (accompanied by assessment of Br− and AETX levels) is highly advisable to predict the possible threat of further VM outbreaks.
The cyanobacterial AetA gene which encodes the unique FAD-dependent halogenase involved in the pathway for AETX synthesis has been adapted to develop a -aetokthonotoxin specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay.
Other Products
IVD5116 HiPure FFPE DNA/RNA Kit
Product Info
Document
Product Info
Introduction
The Kit is specially designed for simultaneous purification of genomic DNA and total RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. The Purified DNA/RNA is used for RT-PCR and PCR detection.
Details
Specifications
Features
Specifications
Main FunctionsC
Co-isolation DNA and RNA from a single FFPE tissue sample
Applications
RT-PCR, cDNA synthesis, PCR and second-generation sequencing, etc.
Purification method
Mini spin column
Purification technology
Silica technology
Process method
Manual (centrifugation or vacuum)
Sample type
FFPE slice, FFPE embedded tissue
Sample amount
No more than six 10µm sections of 150mm2 surface area or three 20µm sections of 150mm2 surface area.
Principle
FFPE samples are incubated in an optimized lysis buffer, which results in the release of RNA and precipitation of DNA. After centrifugation, the RNA-containing supernatant and DNA-containing pellet are then processed separately to purify RNA and DNA. For RNA purification, transfer RNA Lysate to an adsorption column and RNA is adsorbed on the membrane, while protein is not adsorbed and is removed with filtration. After washing proteins and other impurities, RNA was finally eluted with low-salt buffer. For DNA purification, transfer DNA Lysate to an adsorption column and DNA is adsorbed on the membrane, while protein is not adsorbed and is removed with filtration. After washing proteins and other impurities, DNA was finally eluted with low-salt buffer.
Advantages
1.Use non-toxic dewaxing solution without contact with xylene 2.Obtain both DNA and RNA simultaneously from the same sample. Elute separately without affecting each other (Have the same steps and effects as top brand 80234, perfect substitute.)
Kit Contents
Contents
IVD5116
Purification Times
50 Preps
HiPure DNA Micro Column
50
HiPure RNA Mini Column I
50
2ml Collection Tubes
150
Proteinase K
50 mg
Protease Dissolve Buffer
5 ml
Buffer DPS
60 ml
Buffer FRL
15 ml
Buffer ATL
15 ml
Buffer RLC
15 ml
Buffer AL
15 ml
Buffer VHB
44 ml
Buffer RW2
25 ml
RNase Free Water
10 ml
Buffer AE
10 ml
Storage and Stability
Proteinase K should be stored at 2-8°C upon arrival. However, short-term storage (up to 12 weeks) at room temperature (15-25°C) does not affect their performance. The remaining kit components can be stored at room temperature (15-25°C) and are stable for at least 18 months under these conditions.
Experiment Data
Document
The Kit is specially designed for simultaneous purification of genomic DNA and total RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. The Purified DNA/RNA is used for RT-PCR and PCR detection.
It’s widely used in the field of animal and plant molecular biology, which is the ideal instrument for seperating the chemical substances in the cell and purifing the microorganisms, viruses, bacteira and subcelluar etc.
TG18 High Speed/Low Speed Centrifuge Features:
1. Max. Speed 21000rpm, max. volume 4x800ml, can be used for 5ml/10ml/15ml/30ml/50ml/100ml centrifuge tubes.
2. Brushless DC motor in great torque, no powder pollution, free maintenance, quick in speed up and down.
3. Can store 10 programs, automatically calculate and synchronously display the RCF data. Digital display indicates the speed, time, temperature and RCF. The parameters can be changed in operation, no need to stop the centrifuge which is quite convenient.
4. The centrifuge body is made of high-quality steel, and with high-quality steel centrifuge chamber, safe and reliable.
5. Automatically electric lid lock, over speed/over temperature protection and imbalance protection.
6. There are many kinds of rotors for your choice, both in high speed and low speed.
TG18 High Speed/Low Speed Centrifuge Technical Parameters:
Max. Speed
21000rpm
Max. RCF
30910xg
Max. Capacity
4x800ml
Timer
0-99min
Speed Accuracy
±20rpm
Noise(DB)
≤65DBA
Voltage(V/HZ)
AC220V/110V,50HZ 10A
Dimension(LxWxHmm)
685x500x385mm
Net Weight(Kg)
70KG
Certificates
CE, ISO
Warranty
1 Year
TG18 High Speed/Low Speed Centrifuge Matched Rotors:
Order No.
Rotor Type
Max Speed(r/min)
Volume(ml)
Max. RCF(xg)
G18-1
Swing Rotor
4000
4x800ml
3450
G18-2
Microplate Rotor
4000
4x4x96well
2940
G18-3
Microplate Rotor
4000
2x4x96well
3210
G18-4
Microplate Rotor
4000
2x3x48well
2300
G18-5
Swing Rotor
4000
4x30x5ml vacuum tube
2840
G18-6
4x30x7ml vacuum tube
3140
G18-7
4x18x10ml vacuum tube
3140
G18-8
Swing Rotor
4000
Fat bottle
3830
G18-9
Fixed Rotor
16000
4x8PCR
15760
G18-10
Fixed Rotor
15000
6x8PCR
21420
G18-11
Fixed Rotor
16000
8x8PCR
17480
G18-12
Fixed Rotor
15000
12x8PCR
22930
G18-13
Fixed Rotor
15000
40×0.5ml
22920
G18-14
Fixed Rotor
21000
12×1.5/2ml
30910
G18-15
Fixed Rotor
16000
24×1.5/2ml
23440
G18-16
Fixed Rotor
14000
30×1.5/2ml
20800
G18-17
Fixed Rotor
13000
48×1.5/2ml
17930
G18-18
Fixed Rotor
16000
16x5ml
22020
G18-19
Fixed Rotor
16000
6x10ml
21500
G18-20
Fixed Rotor
15000
12x10ml
22680
G18-21
Fixed Rotor
13000
16x10ml
19490
G18-22
Fixed Rotor
13000
8x15ml
17790
G18-23
Fixed Rotor
11000
12x15ml
14330
G18-24
Fixed Rotor
5000
24x15ml
3500
G18-25
Fixed Rotor
5000
30x15ml
3830
G18-26
Fixed Rotor
14000
6x30ml
19060
G18-27
Fixed Rotor
13000
6x50ml(conical)
18840
G18-28
Fixed Rotor
13000
6x50ml(round)
18730
G18-29
Fixed Rotor
5000
12x50ml
3860
G18-30
Fixed Rotor
4000
24x50ml
2970
G18-31
Fixed Rotor
13000
4x85ml
18940
G18-32
Fixed Rotor
12000
4x100ml
14850
G18-33
Fixed Rotor
10000
6x100ml
11380
G18-34
Fixed Rotor
4000
12x100ml
2970
G18-35
Fixed Rotor
12000
24 capillaries
15800
G18-36
Swing Rotor
15000
4x5ml
19920
G18-37
Vertical Rotor
16000
16x5ml
16540
G18-38
Vertical Rotor
14000
8x30ml
19750
The Corners of our Company____________________________________
Cat.# 20105S, 20105L: Size range 300-450 bp (ideal for NGS library size selection)
Product Info
Document
Product Info
The series of DNA Size Selection Kits (Magnetic Beads) were developed for DNA size selection using magnetic beads. A total of 11 kits are available, with different selection ranges spanning from 50 bp to over 10 kb. The kits provide a simple and quick approach for the enrichment of a specific range of DNA fragments. The kit workflow allows double-sided or single-sided size selection for specific size cutoffs.
Gel images of different ranges of size selection. Sheared human genomic DNA was used as input.
.
DNA size selection is a selective capture of DNA fragments of a specific range of size for next-generation sequencing (NGS) library preparations, PCR, ChIP assay, DNA ligations, endonuclease digestions, adapter removal, and other genomics and molecular biology applications. DNA size selection is preferred after NGS library prep in most of the cases. The NGS library preparation is related to the quality of the sequencing data. Precise NGS library size selection can increase sequencing efficiency, improve data quality, and reduce costs.
There are two types of sequencing technologies: short-read sequencing and long-read sequencing. Short-read sequencing uses DNA libraries that contain small insert DNA fragments of similar sizes, usually several hundred base pairs. The sequencing efficiency can be improved if the DNA size selection is in the right range. Cat.# 20104S and 20104L are the best kits for NGS library size selection of illumina paired-end 100 (PE100) sequencing with 100-200 bp library inserts; Cat.# 20105S and 20105L are the best kits for NGS library size selection of illumina paired-end 150 (PE150) sequencing with 150-300 bp library inserts; and Cat.# 20106S and 20106L are the best kits for NGS library size selection of illumina paired-end 300 (PE300) sequencing with 300-600 bp library inserts.
Long-read sequencing uses a large DNA fragment as input and makes very long reads. Usually, library size selection is preferred to remove smaller fragments. Cat.# 20110S and 20110L are the best kits for long-read sequencing size selection with DNA sizes >5 kb, and Cat.# 20111S and 20111L are the best kits for long-read sequencing size selection with DNA sizes >10 kb.
The magnetic beads technology uses paramagnetic particles, also known as SPRI (Solid Phase Reversible Immobilization) beads, to bind DNA reversibly and selectively. DNA fragments can be size-selected and purified by changing the properties of the magnetic beads or SPRI beads. The magnetic beads can easily separate the beads-binding DNA from the contaminants and unwanted components in the samples. The samples after DNA size selection are free of contaminants such as buffer components, enzymes, proteins, salts, dNTPs, primers, and adapters. Our proprietary magnetic beads reagents improve yield, selectivity, and reproducibility.
Specific DNA fragments at a certain length range can be purified simply using magnetic separation with different beads components, avoiding tedious and time-consuming gel extraction and column-based purification. The magnetic beads method is popular for common DNA size selection, including library size selection. The first beads-binding step, referred to as the right-side clean-up, removes large DNA fragments. The large DNA fragments are bound to the beads and are discarded. The desired DNA fragments in the supernatant are transferred to a new well, and new beads are added to the supernatant for the second beads-binding, referred to as the left-side clean-up. The double-size selected DNA fragments are eluted after ethanol rinsing.
DNA size selection with dual clean-ups.
.
A single clean-up is needed for DNA size selection with large fragments. In this case, only the large DNA fragments are bound to the beads. The selected larger DNA fragments are eluted after ethanol rinsing.
DNA size selection with single clean-up for >5 kb and >10 kb DNA.
.
Features of DNA size selection and library size selection
High specificity and high recovery of size selection
11 selection ranges are available, including 5 ranges for NGS library size selection
50-100 bp
100-200 bp
200-500 bp
250-350 bp: ideal for illumina PE100 sequencing
300-450 bp: ideal for illumina PE150 sequencing
450-750 bp: ideal for illumina PE300 sequencing
500-1000 bp
1-3 kb
1-5 kb
>5 kb: ideal for long-read sequencing
>10 kb: ideal for long-read sequencing
Fast and simple
20-min protocol
No gel purification required
No columns required
No centrifugation required
Efficient removal of contaminants and unwanted components
