Brevetoxins (PbTx) are a class of cyclic polyether compounds produced by certain algae such as Karenia brevis. K. brevis can produce Brevetoxins in large quantities during an algae bloom which then pose a major health threat and are important to monitor and mitigate. Brevetoxins are the causative agent of Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP).
FDA and EPA safety levels in regulations and guidance – 0.8 mg/kg for clams, mussels, oysters, and whole and roe-on scallops, fresh, frozen, or canned. – National Shellfish Sanitation Program Guide for the Control of Molluscan Shellfish.
Other Products
ProteoSpin™ Urine Protein Concentration Kits
Product Info
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Product Info
Overview
Simultaneous concentration, desalting and buffer exchange of total urinary proteins
No molecular weight cutoff allows for isolation of all sizes of proteins and peptides
Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s resin separation matrix
These kits concentrate urine proteins while simultaneously removing salts, urea, and other urine contaminants. There is no molecular weight cut-off and therefore the columns capture total urinary proteins and peptides of all sizes making them ideal for biomarker discovery work, differential expression of proteins in various diseases, or other diagnostic research. The columns are convenient, rapid and easy to use and thus offer significant time savings over classic dialysis protocols. The resulting high-quality protein sample is concentrated and free from the original sample salts, thus preparing the sample conveniently for downstream proteomic applications including SDS-PAGE, 2D Gels, MALDI-TOF, LC/MS, LC/MS/MS, whole protein mass spectrometry, western blotting, protein microarrays, and more.
ProteoSpin™ Urine Protein Concentration Micro Kit
Each spin column is able to concentrate and desalt up to 200 μg of urine proteins. Twelve samples can be processed in 20 minutes.
ProteoSpin™ Urine Protein Concentration Midi Kit
The ProteoSpin™ Urine Protein Concentration Midi Kit provides a fast and simple procedure for concentrating dilute solutions of urine proteins from 1 to 5 mL inputs of urine. Each mini spin column is able to concentrate and desalt up to 3 mg of urine proteins in 30 minutes.
ProteoSpin™ Urine Protein Concentration Maxi Kit
The ProteoSpin™ Urine Protein Concentration Maxi Kit provides a fast and simple procedure for concentrating dilute solutions of urine proteins from 2 to 20 mL inputs of urine. Each maxi spin column is able to concentrate and desalt up to 4 mg of urine proteins in 45 minutes.
*Yield will depend on the health status of the donor.
Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All solutions should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. Once opened, the solution should be stored at 4°C. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipment.
Component
Cat. 17400 (25 preps)
Cat. 52300 (10 preps)
Cat. 21600 (4 preps)
Wash Solution C
60 mL
60 mL
130 mL
Binding Buffer A
4 mL
4 mL
8 mL
Elution Buffer C
8 mL
30 mL
30 mL
Protein Neutralizer
4 mL
4 mL
4 mL
Micro Spin Columns
25
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–
Midi Spin Columns (assembled with collection tubes)
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10
–
Maxi Spin Columns (assembled with collection tubes)
Permagen’s 12 x 1.5 mL Microfuge Tube Magnetic rack is designed for magnetic bead separations from up to 12 tubes
Accommodates many common 1.5 mL Microcentrifuge and some 2.0 mL tubes
Tubes are angled and beads will be pulled to back wall allowing easy aspiration and tip tracking down the front wall of the tubes without disturbing bead pellet
Urine Exosome and Free-Circulating RNA Isolation Kits
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Product Info
Overview
Isolate all sizes of RNA, including microRNA, irrespective of size or GC content, without bias
Versatile sample input ranges
Isolate all sizes of free-circulating RNA, including microRNA
Bind and elute all RNA irrespective of size or GC content, without bias
The purified exosomal RNA is free from any circulating RNA-binding proteins
No phenol extractions, Proteinase K treatment nor carrier RNA required
No time-consuming ultracentrifugation, filtration nor special syringes are required
No precipitation reagents nor overnight incubation required
Concentrate isolated exosomal RNA and free-circulating RNA into a flexible elution volume ranging from 50 µL to 100 µL
Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s proprietary resin separation matrix
These kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to sequentially isolate and concentrate exosomal RNA as well as Free-Circulating RNA from different urine sample volumes. The purification is based on spin column chromatography that employs Norgen’s proprietary resin. These kits are designed to isolate all sizes of RNA, including microRNA, irrespective of size or GC content, without bias. These kits provide a clear advantage over other available kits since they do not require any special instrumentation, protein precipitation reagents, extension tubes, phenol/chloroform or protease treatments. Moreover, the kits allow the user to elute into a flexible elution volume ranging from 50 µL to 100 µL. The RNA isolated from the purified exosomes is free from any protein-bound circulating RNA and is of the highest integrity. Moreover, the free-circulating, protein-bound, RNA is free from any exosomal RNA. The purified RNA can be used in a number of downstream applications including real time PCR, reverse transcription PCR, Northern blotting, RNase protection and primer extension, and expression array assays.
Urine Exosome and Free-Circulating RNA Isolation Mini Kit
For sample volumes ranging from 250 µL to 1 mL.
Urine Exosome and Free-Circulating RNA Isolation Midi Kit
For sample volumes ranging from 2 mL to 10 mL.
Urine Exosome and Free-Circulating RNA Isolation Maxi Kit
All sizes, including miRNA and small RNA (< 200 nt)
Elution Volume
50 – 100 µL
Time to Complete 10 Purifications
40 – 45 minutes
Average Yields*
Variable depending on the specimen
*Please check page 5 of the product insert for the average yields and the common RNA quantification methods.
Storage Conditions and Product Stability All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipping. It is recommended to warm Lysis Buffer A for 20 minutes at 60°C if any salt precipitation is observed.
Important Note Urine samples stored at -70°C, -20°C or at 4°C will develop some precipitation due to the aggregation of some of the highly abundant proteins in urine. Eliminating these precipitates using centrifugation or filtration may cause the loss of exosomes. Furthermore, these precipitates may affect the quality of the purified nucleic acid. We recommend the use of Norgen’s Urine Preservative when collecting urine samples, which is designed for the preservation of nucleic acids and proteins in fresh urine samples at ambient temperatures. The components of the Urine Preservative allow samples to be stored for over 2 years at room temperature with no detected degradation of urine DNA, RNA or proteins. Norgen’s Urine Preservative is available as a liquid format in Norgen’s Urine Preservative Single Dose Ampules, as well as in a dried format in Norgen’s Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes.
