DBCO-PEG1-amine TFA salt

Overview

• Detection kits for the BKV/JCV
• Available in TaqMan format for analysis

The BK virus is a member of the polyomavirus family. It has been suggested that this virus may be transmitted through respiratory fluids or urine, since infected individuals periodically excrete virus in the urine. BK viral infections are typically asymptomatic in healthy individuals, however very mild symptoms may appear including mild respiratory infections and fever. Infections with BK virus in immunocompromised or immunosupressed patients are much more severe and may involve renal dysfunction. In fact, in kidney transplant patients the immunosupressive drugs required for the transplant may allow the virus to replicate within the graft, resulting in a disease called BK virus nephropathy (BKVN). The JC virus is a type of human polyomavirus and is very common in the general population, infecting 70 to 90% of humans. Most people acquire JCV in childhood or adolescence. Typically the infection is subclinical and no of consequence in individuals with healthy immune systems. The initial site of infection may be the tonsils or the gastrointestinal tract, and the virus then remains latent in the gastrointestinal tract. JCV can also infect the tubular epithelial cells in the kidneys, where it continues to reproduce, shedding virus particles in the urine. Also, JCV can cross the blood-brain barrier into the central nervous system. JCV is known to cause the usually fatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) by destroying oligodendrocytes in the brain in immunodeficient or immunosuppressed individuals. The JC and BK viruses are very similar, with their genomes sharing 75% homology. It is however important to differentiate between the viruses due to the differences in pathology and especially the invariably fatal outcome of PML which is only caused by the JC virus.

Details

Supporting Data

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Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All kit components can be stored for 2 years after the date of production without showing any reduction in performance.

All kit components should be stored at -20°C upon arrival.

Component	Cat. TM39350 (100 preps)	Cat. TM39310 (100 preps)
MDx TaqMan 2X PCR Master Mix	2 x 700 μL	–
BKV/JCV Primer & Probe Mix	280 μL	280 μL
BKV/JCV Positive Control	150 μL	150 μL
Nuclease-Free Water (Negative Control)	1.25 mL	1.25 mL
Product Insert	1	1

Description

Specifications

Clone	IHC269
Source	Mouse Monoclonal
Positive Control	Spleen
Dilution Range	1:200

TIGIT is an immune receptor present on some T cells and Natural Killer cells. TIGIT binds with high affinity to the poliovirus receptor (PVR) which causes increased secretion of IL10 and decreased secretion of IL12B and suppresses T cell activation by promoting the generation of mature immunoregulatory dendritic cells. Through the CD226/TIGIT-PVR pathway, TIGIT regulates T cell mediated immunity. In cancer, TIGIT and PD-1 have been shown to be over-expressed on tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from individuals with melanoma. Blockade of TIGIT and PD-1 led to increased cell proliferation, cytokine production, and degranulation of tumour antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and TIL CD8+ T cells. It can be considered an immune checkpoint.

Overview

• Purification and enrichment of intact urinary exosomes for functional studies
• Isolate all sizes of RNA, including microRNA, irrespective of size or GC content, without bias.
• Versatile urine input volumes
• No phenol extractions, Proteinase K treatment, nor carrier RNA required
• No time-consuming ultracentrifugation, filtration nor special syringes are required
• No precipitation reagents nor overnight incubation required
• Compatible with urine from most species
• Pure exosomes are purified and are free from any other RNA-binding proteins
• Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s proprietary resin
• The purified RNA is suitable for a variety of downstream applications, including Small RNA Sequencing. Find out more information on Norgen’s NGS services

Norgen’s Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Kits constitute all-in-one systems for the purification of exosomes and the subsequent isolation of exosomal RNA from different urine sample volumes. The purification is based on spin column chromatography that employs Norgen’s proprietary resin. These kits are designed to isolate all sizes of RNA, including microRNA, irrespective of size or GC content, without bias. These kits provide a clear advantage over other available kits in that they do not require any special instrumentation, protein precipitation reagents, extension tubes, phenol/chloroform or protease treatments. Moreover, the kit allows the user to elute into a flexible elution volume ranging from 50 µL to 100 µL. The purified RNA is free from any protein-bound circulating RNA and of the highest integrity. The purified RNA can be used in a number of downstream applications including real time PCR, reverse transcription PCR, Northern blotting, RNase protection and primer extension, and expression array assays.

Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Mini Kit

For sample volumes ranging from 250 µL to 1 mL.

Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Midi Kit

For sample volumes ranging from 2 mL to 10 mL.

Urine Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Maxi Kit

For sample volumes ranging from 11 mL to 30 mL.

Details

Supporting Data

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Kit Specifications
Minimum Urine Input	250 μL
Maximum Urine Input	1 mL
Size of Exosomes Purified	40 nm – 150 nm
Size of RNA Purified	All sizes, including miRNA and small RNA (< 200 nt)
Elution Volume	50-100 μL
Time to Complete 10 Purifications	35 – 40 minutes
Average Yields*	Variable depending on specimen

*Please check page 4 of the product insert for the average yields and the common RNA quantification methods.

Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipment. It is recommended to warm Lysis Buffer A for 20 minutes at 60°C if any salt precipitation is observed.

Important Note
Urine samples stored at -70°C, -20°C or at 4°C will develop some precipitation due to the aggregation of some of the highly abundant proteins in urine. Eliminating these precipitates using centrifugation or filtration may cause the loss of exosomes. Furthermore, these precipitates may affect the quality of the purified nucleic acid. We recommend the use of Norgen’s Urine Preservative when collecting urine samples, which is designed for the preservation of nucleic acids and proteins in fresh urine samples at ambient temperatures. The components of the Urine Preservative allow samples to be stored for over 2 years at room temperature with no detected degradation of urine DNA, RNA or proteins. Norgen’s Urine Preservative is available as a liquid format in Norgen’s Urine Preservative Single Dose Ampules, as well as in a dried format in Norgen’s Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes.

Component	Cat. 58400 (50 preps)	Cat. 58700 (25 preps)	Cat. 58800 (15 preps)
Slurry E	12.5 mL	12.5 mL	12.5 mL
ExoC Buffer	8 mL	30 mL	50 mL
ExoR Buffer	12 mL	12 mL	12 mL
Lysis Buffer A	20 mL	20 mL	20 mL
Lysis Additive B	2 mL	2 mL	2 mL
Wash Solution A	18 mL	18 mL	18 mL
Elution Solution A	6 mL	6 mL	6 mL
Mini Filter Spin Columns	50	25	15
Mini Spin Columns	50	25	15
Collection Tubes	50	25	15
Elution Tubes (1.7 mL)	100	50	30
Product Insert	1	1	1