DBCO-PEG4-NHS Ester is a click chemistry PEG reagent containing NHS ester that is able to react specifically and efficiently with primary amines (e.g. the side chain of lysine residues or aminosilane-coated surfaces) at neutral or slightly basic condition to form a covalent bond. The hydrophilic PEG spacer arm improves water solubility and provides a long and flexible connection that minimizes steric hindrance involved with ligation. DBCO is commonly used for copper-free Click Chemistry reactions. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
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DBCO-PEG4-NHS Ester is a click chemistry PEG reagent containing NHS ester that is able to react specifically and efficiently with primary amines (e.g. the side chain of lysine residues or aminosilane-coated surfaces) at neutral or slightly basic condition to form a covalent bond. The hydrophilic PEG spacer arm improves water solubility and provides a long and flexible connection that minimizes steric hindrance involved with ligation. DBCO is commonly used for copper-free Click Chemistry reactions. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
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Urine Collection and Preservation Devices
Product Info
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Product Info
Overview
RNA/microRNA/DNA/Proteins are preserved for more than 2 years at room temperature in Norgen’s Urine Preservative
Compatible with most DNA, Total RNA, microRNA and protein isolation methods
Preservative is available in a single dose liquid format (ampule)
Preservative is also available in a dried format in tubes – Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes
Urine Collection and Preservation Devices are available in 4 convenient sizes: 5 cc tubes, 15 cc tubes, 50 cc tubes, and 120 cc cups
Norgen’s Urine Preservative is designed for the rapid preservation of DNA, RNA, microRNA and proteins from fresh urine samples. In addition, the Urine Preservative eliminates the need to immediately process or freeze samples and allows the samples to be shipped to centralized testing facilities at ambient temperatures. The components of the Urine Preservative allow samples to be stored for over 2 years at room temperature with no detected degradation of urine DNA, RNA or proteins.
Norgen’s Urine Preservative is available in 2 convenient formats:
1. Urine Preservative Single Dose Ampules With this product Norgen’s Urine Preservative is supplied in a liquid format in single dose ampules. The user simply collects 5 – 50 mL of urine into a urine collection container and adds the contents of the Urine Preservative Single Dose (Cat# 18126). The urine and preservative are then mixed, and the urine nucleic acids and proteins are preserved at room temperature.
2. Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes Norgen’s Urine Preservative is also available in a dried format in Norgen’s Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes. The user simply collects urine into the tubes and mixes gently until the orange preservative pellet in the tube has dissolved. Norgen’s Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes are available in 3 convenient sizes:
Select Urine Tested with the Norgen Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes
Human Mouse Lynx Wolf Urine collected from snow
Available Sizes and Formats
Urine Collection and Preservation Tubes (50 cc) – Urine inputs from 5 – 45 mL
Storage Conditions and Product Stability All tubes should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature (15 – 25°C) for up to 2 years without any reduction in performance.
Apoptosis is an essentially normal physiological process that removes now redundant, cells, particularly during embryonic development and early growth. In adult animals the process removes cells that are irreparable. The apoptotic process is also involved in many major diseases such as cancer, where transformed tumour cells have their apoptotic process disabled, permitting cell cycling to continue unchecked. In contrast some forms of senile dementia may result from excessive apoptotic induction of neural cells.
The apoptotic process in mammalian cells is a rapid event (2‐4 hours). Within this short time span an apparently viable cell can be quietly dismantled, to disappear leaving no visible trace of its former existence.
How is apoptosis detected or measured?
An apoptosis cascade of activators, effectors and regulators has been identified. This in turn led to a range of apoptosis assays being devised to detect and monitor these events. Some laboratories will employ two distinct assays, one selected to detect early (initiation) apoptotic events, while a second assay will target a later (execution) event. Apoptosis assays, based on methodology, can be classified into four major inter‐linked groups:
[1] DNA fragmentation (electrophoresis and nick end labelling, TUNEL).
[2] Apoptotic proteases (fluorescently labelled antibodies to the caspases).
[3] Flow cytometric analysis (FACS, incorporating other group assays).
Biocolor’s APOPercentage assay is based on the latter. Further information can be found under the ‘Mode of Action’ Tab.
How does APOPercentage detect apoptosis?
The mammalian cell membrane has been described as a semi‐fluid mosaic structure, composed of phospholipids with a diverse group of inserted proteins and some cholesterol. The phospholipids are the major components of the membrane and are arranged in the form of a ‘bi‐layer’; which is asymmetric in composition, structure, and function.
To ensure normal transmembrane functions the phospholipids must be maintained in an asymmetric composition. The process is regulated by ‘flippases’, which catalyse the active transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to inner monolayer. However, in cells undergoing apoptosis, flippase is overwhelmed by the action of another enzyme, termed ‘floppase’ or ‘scramblase’. The net effect is a scrambling of the phospholipid distribution between the inner and outer monolayers.
Cell membrane changes during apoptosis
The APOPercentage assay utilises an intense, pink-coloured dye reagent which is taken up during in-vitro culture by apoptosis-committed cells. This uptake occurs at the stage of Phosphatidylserine transmembrane movement, as produced by the flipflop mechanism. Dye uptake continues until blebbing occurs. No further dye can then enter the now defunct cell and the dye that has accumulated within the cell is not released (unlike necrotic cells which release dye).
Since the dye reagent is excluded or not retained by healthy or necrotic cells it therefore acts as a specific label for apoptotic cells.
How are APOPercentage-labelled cells quantified?
Labelled apoptosis cells may then by conveniently analysed by the following methods:
Direct Analysis The intense pink colour of the labelled cells can be visually assessed using brightfield microscopy. Apoptosis in substrate-adherent cell populations is therefore readily quantified using image analysis techniques. This technique is the most sensitive with the ability of detecting one single apoptotic cell per well.
Colorimetry protocol Dye that accumulates within apoptotic cells is released into solution via addition of Dye Release Reagent. The concentration of this intracellular dye is then measured at 550nm using a microplate colorimeter/spectrophotometer.
NB: The APOPercentage assay kit does NOT require the use of a Flow Cytometer.
Limit of Detection
A single cell (via image analysis method)
Detection Method
Colorimetric (550nm) (Endpoint) or Image Analysis based
Measurements per kit
Sufficient for 4×24 well plates or 6×96 well plates
Suitable Samples
Adherent mammalian cells (in-vitro)
APOPercentage kit contents:
1. APOPercentage Dye (1x5ml)
2. Dye Release Reagent (1x150ml)
3. Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) (1x120ml)
4. 24-well starter plate.
5. Assay kit manual.
The Colorimetric Protocol requires a Microplate Colorimeter / Spectrophotometer.
Additional 96-well plates will be required for use when reading dye absorbance values.
The Direct Detection Protocol Requires an inverted stage microscope with an attached digital camera.
NB: Additional reagents (typically culture medium and suitable apoptosis treatments) may be required for sample preparation prior to assay. Consult manual or contact us for further details.
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The APOPercentage™ Apoptosis kit is a dye-based, colorimetric assay for detection and measurement of apoptosis (programmed cell death) during in-vitro cell culture.
Animal Disease Kit is a diagnostic kit designed for animal detection. It is suitable for the detection of various diseases, including cat and dog test kits, in animals. The kit is composed of various components such as primers, probes, reagents, buffers and other materials necessary for the detection of diseases, which can be used for test strips and other detection methods. The kit can be stored at -20°C for long-term use. With this Animal Disease Kit, you can easily detect diseases in animals and protect them from harm.
The Animal Disease Kit includes multiple components, such as primers, probes, reagents, buffers, etc., to detect diseases. The kit offers various detection methods, including test strips, making it suitable for a broad range of applications in animal disease detection.
Animal Disease Kit is widely used in cattle veterinary medicine, animal disease detection, and animal feed. The kit has been proved to be reliable and efficient in the detection of animal diseases. It helps to diagnose diseases quickly, providing an accurate basis for subsequent treatments.
Support and Services:
We are committed to providing quality products and services to our customers. Our Animal Disease Kit is designed for veterinary professionals to diagnose and treat medical conditions in animals.
1.Technical Support
Our technical support staff are available to answer any questions you may have about the Animal Disease Kit. We provide assistance with product installation, troubleshooting, and any software or hardware issues you may encounter. We also offer technical advice on how to use the kit and its features.
2.Customer Service
Our customer service team is available to help you with any inquiries you may have about the Animal Disease Kit. We assist with product returns, replacement parts, and warranty information. We also provide product information and advice on how to get the most out of your Animal Disease Kit.
FAQ:
Q1: What is the “Animal Disease Kit” product?
A1: The “Animal Disease Kit” is a comprehensive toolkit for the diagnosis of animal diseases.
Q2: What does the Animal Disease Kit include?
A2: The Animal Disease Kit includes Primers, Probes, Reagents, Buffers, Etc.
Q3: How do I use the Animal Disease Kit?
A3: The Animal Disease Kit is designed for easy and convenient use. You can refer to the instructions manual for detailed instructions on how to use the product.
Q4: How accurate is the Animal Disease Kit?
A4: The Animal Disease Kit is designed for accurate and reliable results. It has been tested and certified by qualified professionals for accuracy and reliability.
Q5: Is the Animal Disease Kit safe to use?
A5: Yes, the Animal Disease Kit is safe to use. All components of the kit are made with non-toxic and non-irritating materials, and all reagents are safe to use.
Document
Animal Disease Kit is a diagnostic kit designed for animal detection. It is suitable for the detection of various diseases, including cat and dog test kits, in animals. The kit is composed of various components such as primers, probes, reagents, buffers and other materials necessary for the detection of diseases, which can be used for test strips and other detection methods. The kit can be stored at -20°C for long-term use. With this Animal Disease Kit, you can easily detect diseases in animals and protect them from harm.
