t-Boc-aminooxy-PEG1-propargyl is a click chemistry PEG linker with a t-Boc-aminooxy group. The propargyl group can react with azide-bearing compounds or biomolecules via copper catalyzed azide-alkyne Click Chemistry to yield a stable triazole linkage. The t-Boc aminooxy group can be deprotected under mild acidic conditions and then can react with an aldehyde or ketone group to form a stable oxime linkage. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
Detail
t-Boc-aminooxy-PEG1-propargyl is a click chemistry PEG linker with a t-Boc-aminooxy group. The propargyl group can react with azide-bearing compounds or biomolecules via copper catalyzed azide-alkyne Click Chemistry to yield a stable triazole linkage. The t-Boc aminooxy group can be deprotected under mild acidic conditions and then can react with an aldehyde or ketone group to form a stable oxime linkage. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
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Pilot-Scale Freeze Dryer
Product Info
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Product Info
Character
High flatness sample shelf:
Silicone oil thermal conductive shelf, high-precision processing method of upper and lower clamping, shelf temperature uniformity can reach ±0.5°c
Integrated cavity:
Integrated chamber, the shelf and cold trap are located in the same chamber, the steam conduction is faster and the freeze-drying effect is better
Refrigerating and heating control system:
Using thermally conductive silicone oil with a high temperature range and precise PID control algorithm, the control accuracy can reach ±0.5°C. Sample shelf temperature range: -70°C~ +80°C
Freeze-drying endpoint testing system:
The pressure comparison method is used to determine the freeze-drying end point. The freeze-drying end point test can be automatically performed after the analytical drying stage to ensure that the moisture content of the material reaches the standard requirements.
Vacuum precise control and adjustment system:
The sublimation and analytical drying processes are controlled and adjusted with high precision to make the freeze-drying process warmer and the sample sublimation more reliable.
Pulse backfill system:
Three backfilling modes can be selected: slow, medium and fast, which avoids the problem of effective substances being blown away and lost due to the aeration of granular and flocculent materials after freeze-drying.
Manual automatic mode selection:
Manual mode is used to explore process parameters (strong human intervention), automatic mode is used in the mature stage of the process, one-click operation, simple and convenient
Data recording and analysis system:
Through the PC host computer, all operating parameters and background parameters of the equipment can be recorded in real time, and all parameter action changes and action changes of operating components can be recorded.
Freeze-drying process recipe storage function:
The host can store 60 sets of fixed or user-defined freeze-drying process recipes, and the PC can store >10,000 programs (depending on the computer hard drive)
Eutectic point test function:
The eutectic point temperature of the product can be tested offline and online, and the spectrum can be analyzed manually or automatically (optional)
Remote control system:
The operating status of the device can be monitored remotely, and the device can be monitored in real time via WiFi or the cloud.
Mobile phone monitoring system:
You can monitor the operating status of the equipment with your mobile phone, which is simple and convenient (optional)
Cold trap defrost system:
The hot air defrosting method has high safety performance; the defrosting speed is fast, which solves the inconvenience caused by traditional immersion defrosting.
Isolate all sizes of circulating and exosomal RNA, including microRNA
Versatile urine input ranges
No phenol extractions
No carrier RNA
Bind and elute all RNA irrespective of size or GC content, without bias
Concentrate circulating RNA and exosomal RNA into flexible elution volumes
Purified RNA is suitable for a variety of downstream applications, including Small RNA Sequencing. Find out more information on Norgen’s NGS services
Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s proprietary resin separation matrix
These kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to purify and concentrate high quality, high purity and inhibitor-free cell-free circulating RNA, including exosomal RNA as well as viral RNA from fresh, preserved or frozen urine samples. All components for the purification are provided in one convenient and fast kit for the easy processing of small input volumes of bodily fluids. The purified urine RNA is fully compatible with all downstream applications including PCR, qPCR, methylation-sensitive reverse transcription qPCR, reverse transcription PCR, Northern blotting, RNase protection and primer extension, expression array assays, and NGS.
Background
Recent evidence indicates that cell-free circulating RNA (cf-RNA) including exosomal RNA in urine contains valuable information for the discovery of biomarkers that can help for the early detection of certain cancer types and for monitoring the disease status as well as for the detection of any infectious pathogens. Exosomes can be found in saliva, blood, urine, amniotic fluid and malignant ascitic fluids, among other biological fluids. Evidence has been accumulating recently that these vesicles act as cellular messengers, conveying information to distant cells and tissues within the body. These exosomes may play a functional role in mediating adaptive immune responses to infectious agents and tumours, tissue repair, neural communication and transfer of pathogenic proteins. For this reason exosomal RNAs may serve as biomarkers for various diseases including cancer. The advantage for using urine as a source for cancer biomarkers is that it can be acquired in large quantities without using invasive procedures. In addition, repeated sampling from the same individual is applicable, which facilitates longitudinal studies. There are many advantages favouring the use of urinary nucleic acid for cancer biomarker discovery over blood, tissue samples or other bodily fluids, including: (1) urine is non-infectious for HIV and less infectious for many other pathogens; (2) the profile of urinary nucleic acid is similar to that in plasma or serum but with a lower concentration; (3) Nucleic acid purification from urine is technically much easier because of its low protein concentration (1000-fold lower than blood).
Urine Cell-Free Circulating RNA Purification Mini Kit
For sample volumes ranging from 2 mL to 10 mL. The first column will handle the large volume input of urine that is followed by a concentration on a mini column for a final elution of 50 µL to 100 µL.
For sample volumes ranging from 10 mL to 30 mL. The first column will handle the large volume input of urine that is followed by a concentration on a mini column for a final elution of 50 µL to 100 µL
All sizes including miRNA and small RNA (< 200 nt)
Elution Volume
50-100 μL
Time to Complete 10 Purifications
40-45 minutes
Average Yields
Variable depending on specimen
*Please check page 6 of the product insert for average yields and common RNA quantification methods.
Storage Conditions and Product Stability All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. These kits are stable for 2 years after the date of shipment. It is recommended to warm Lysis Buffer A for 20 minutes at 60°C if any salt precipitation is observed.
Purification and enrichment of intact exosomes from plasma, serum, urine, cell culture media and saliva in less than 30 minutes.
Versatile sample input ranging from 50 µL to 10 mL
Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Mini Kit (50 µL – 1 mL Plasma/Serum)
Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Midi Kit (1 mL – 4 mL Plasma/Serum)
Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Maxi Kit (4 mL – 10 mL Plasma/Serum)
Exosome purification is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin separating matrix through exosomes’ surface proteins.
No precipitation reagents, overnight incubation, protease or coagulant treatments required
No time-consuming ultracentrifugation, filtration or special syringes required
Purify intact exosomes with a size ranging from 40-200 nm depending on sample input type
Purified exosomes are compatible with functional studies.
Purified exosomes are free from any RNA-binding proteins
Purified exosomes are compatible with NanoSight® or Electron Microscopy for assessing the approximate exosome size range and concentration.
Exosomal RNA can be extracted from the purified exosomes using Norgen’s Exosomal RNA Purification technology or any other RNA extraction method.
The Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Kits provide a fast, reliable and convenient method to purify and enrich for intact exosomes from different plasma/serum sample volumes ranging from 50 µL to 10 mL. These kits also allow for the purification of intact extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different plasma/serum sample volumes, and these EVs are ready for any downstream application. The purification is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin.
These kits provide a clear advantage over other available methods since they do not require any special instrumentation, ultracentrifugation, precipitation reagents or any protease treatments. More importantly, the purified exosomes will not be contaminated with any other RNA-binding proteins that may contaminate your exosomal RNA, which is essential if studying exosomal transcripts.
NanoSight® Analysis
Exosomes enriched with Norgen’s Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification Kits can be analyzed using NanoSight® for assessing the approximate exosome size range and concentration
Exosomal RNA Analysis
To purify exosomes and isolate exosomal RNA, choose the Plasma/serum Exosome Purification and RNA isolation kits. The protocol is divided into 2 parts and an aliquot of purified exosomes can be taken for applications like NTA/TEM etc. before processing them for RNA isolation. Or you can use the Exosomal RNA Isolation Kit if you’ve already purified exosomes using a Norgen kit or another method. . Exosomal RNA isolation is based on Norgen’s proprietary resin without the need for phenol extractions or carrier RNA. This RNA is ideal for gene expression analysis using RT-qPCR, microarray, or NGS and for biomarker discovery.
Variable depending on the plasma/serum input volume
Time to Complete 10 Purifications
15 – 30 minutes
Storage Conditions and Product Stability All buffers should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. This kit is stable for 2 years after the date of shipment.
Important Note This kit is suitable for the purification of exosomes from fresh or frozen serum or plasma prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate. Plasma samples prepared from blood collected on heparin should not be used as heparin can significantly interfere with many downstream applications such as RT-PCR.
