Attogene’s Protein Biotinylation kit provides the user with reagents for labeling proteins
Desalting columns for purifying the labeled molecule
Convenient and easy to interpret instructions on how to carry out the labeling process.
Made by Attogene in the USA
The kit provides rapid, simple, and reliable components for the labeling proteins with biotin for use in lateral flow procedures. Kit enables the biotinylation of antibody or proteins to be used with the Universal Lateral Flow Kits (AU2034, AU2037 or AUAU2044 in addition to Streptavidin Colloidal (AU2017) gold or Streptavidin CdZnS Quantum Dots (AU2043).
Not all cyanobacterial strains produce toxins. However, the toxin-producing strains cannot be distinguished from the nontoxin-producing strains by traditional light microscopy, commonlyused to monitor water bodies. An alternative for the differentiation of potentially toxic strains from nontoxic strains is to use molecular methods to detect the presence of toxin biosynthetic genes. Such methods are already available and could be used for the detection and identification of potential microcystin and nodularin producers present in environmental samples (Attogene catalog number NA2024).
Screening for the toxin itself, can be very costly. In turn, real time PCR for the detection of a gene region responsible for assembling in cyanobacterial strains and environmental samples can be a key indicator for the prescense of cyanobacteria capable of expressing the aetokthonotoxin toxin. Attogen has thus, designed primer pairs and probes targeting a the conserved gene region in order to enable the amplification and detection of several producer genera using real time PCR. Screening for the toxin genes can save significant costs and act as a triage for samples needing to be analyzed for the toxin itself.
Cyanobacterial neurotoxin aetokthonotoxin (AETX), a peculiar pentabrominated biindole alkaloid implicated in fatal Vacuolar Myelinopathy. This neurodegenerative disease was first recorded in 1994 during an outbreak of bald-eagle poisonings at De Gray Lake in Arkansas, USA. AETX was experimentally confirmed to be produced by the true branching heterocytous cyanobacterium Aetokthonos hydrillicola. The production of AETX is dependent on bromide (Br−) availability, and likely linked to its hyper-accumulation by the host plan. Thus regular monitoring of A. hydrillicola (accompanied by assessment of Br− and AETX levels) is highly advisable to predict the possible threat of further VM outbreaks.
The cyanobacterial AetA gene which encodes the unique FAD-dependent halogenase involved in the pathway for AETX synthesis has been adapted to develop a -aetokthonotoxin specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay.
Real time qPCR kit for AetA gene
For screening aetokthonotoxin gene cluster
Use in combination with Attogene Algae DNA isolation kit
Norgen’s 2X One-Step RT-PCR Master Mix is a ready-to-use solution that contains components required for RT-PCR amplification of RNA templates. The mix includes M-MuLV reverse transcriptase, Taq DNA polymerase, dNTPs, reaction buffer, MgCl2, KCl, and a PCR enhancer/stabilizer. The user needs only to add the template, the primer set and water to the Master Mix to set up the RT-PCR reaction. This convenient 2X One-Step RT-PCR Master Mix reduces the time required to set up PCR reactions and reduces the possibility of contamination, particularly when preparing large numbers of reactions. The optimized master mix allows for robust amplification of RNA templates with high yields of PCR products.
Taq DNA Polymerase is a highly thermostable DNA polymerase that possesses a 5´→ 3´ polymerase activity and a very low 5´→ 3´ exonuclease activity. The source of Taq included with Norgen’s 2X One-Step RT-PCR Master Mix is an E. coli strain with a cloned Taq DNA Polymerase gene from Thermus aquaticus YT-1. M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase is an RNA-directed DNA polymerase that can synthesize a complementary DNA strand initiating from a primer using either RNA (cDNA synthesis) or single-stranded DNA as a template. The source of the Reverse Transcriptase included with Norgen’s 2X One-Step RT-PCR Master Mix is an E. coli strain with a cloned reverse transcriptase gene from M-MuLV.
Norgen’s 2X One-Step RT-PCR Master Mix is available in 3 convenient sizes:
Cat # 28113 – 100 reactions (sufficient for 100 reactions x 20 µL reaction volume)
Cat # 28114 – 200 reactions (sufficient for 200 reactions x 20 µL reaction volume)
Cat # 28115 – 500 reactions (sufficient for 500 reactions x 20 µL reaction volume)
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Reagents supplied – Cat # 28114
Storage Conditions and Product Stability
2X One-Step RT-PCR Master Mix should be stored at -20°C. For everyday use an aliquot can be stored at 4°C for up to 3 months. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles are not recommended. When stored at the proper temperature this reagent is stable for at least 1 year.
As this is a 2 gene kit, we recommend purchase of 2 of the accompanying RT-qPCR master mix reagent: oasig Lyophilised OneStep RT-qPCR Master Mix 150 reactions.
Nucleic acid testing (NAT) is the method of choice for detection and quantification of a wide range of micro organisms. Primerdesign manufactures and supplies high quality quantitative real-time PCR kits for the detection and simultaneous quantification of numerous significant pathogens . A copy number standard curve is provided for quantification and an the internal extraction template (DNA or RNA), controls for the quality of the nucleic acid extraction and eliminates false negative results.
The kit is designed with the broadest possible detection profile to ensure that all clinically relevant strains and subtypes are detected. Target sequences are selected by working with data from key opinion leaders in the field. Multiple sequence alignments and unprecedented real-time PCR expertise in design and validation ensure the best possible kit. Details of the target and priming specificity are included in the individual handbooks above.
Packaged, optimised and ready to use. Expect Better Data.
Primer and probe mix (150 reactions)
Reverse Transcription, target specific primers (RNA genome viruses only)
Copy number standard curve (sufficient for multiple standard curves)
Internal extraction control – Read through VIC channel*
Endogenous control (150 tests)
RNAse/DNAse free water
*alternative fluorophores available on request
