Attogene’s Carbon Dioxide Enzymatic Assay Kit is a simple, direct method for measuring Carbon Dioxide levels in the environment. The assay uses a coupled enzyme assay to detect CO2 (as HCO3-) as follows. In the first step, the bicarbonate condenses with phosphoenol pyruvate to form oxalate (and phosphoric acid); this reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme Phosphoenolpyruvate Decarboxylase, PEPC. The oxalate is then enzymatically reduced by the enzyme Malate Dehydrogenase (using an NADH cofactor) to form malate and NAD+.
Blood samples contain rich DNA, including mitochondrial DNA, genomic DNA, circulating DNA (mostly released into blood after tumor cell apoptosis) in white blood cells, as well as parasitic viral or microbial DNA. These DNA are important parameters in clinical testing or diagnosis, which are also valuable materials for medical research. There are three main issues with extracting DNA from blood samples:
1. The sample is highly infectious, posing great harm to operators and the environment.
2. The source of DNA is complex and aportion of the nucleic acid, such as viral DNA or free DNA, may be lost during the operation, leading to downstream detection failure;
3. Blood sample contains a large amount of impurities and inhibitory factors.
Currently there are many methods available for extracting DNA from whole blood samples, such as phenol chloroform extraction, salting out method, etc. However, these methods require pre-treatment of blood sample, which removes red blood cells and isolate white blood cells in the first step. Due to the requirement that it cannot inactivate or kill pathogens during the process of removing red blood cells, the waste liquid (red blood cell lysate) and consumables may be contaminated by pathogens and become infectious, posing a danger to the entire laboratory environment and operators. In addition, during the process of removing red blood cells, useful nucleic acid information such as viruses, microorganisms, or circulating DNA is also lost, leading to experiment or detection failures.
The HiPure Blood DNA Kits series provided by Magen Company uses silica gel column purification technology, which can directly lyse whole blood samples without the need for white blood cell separation. Whole blood samples are directly mixed with lysates and proteases, resulting in the inactivation of pathogens, greatly reducing the infectivity, environmental pollution, and the chance of operators being infected. Due to the direct lysis and digestion of samples, except lymphocyte DNA, other circulating DNA as well as DNA from viruses and microorganisms, can also be recovered.
This product provides fast and easy methods for purification of total DNA for reliable PCR and Southern blotting. Total DNA (e.g., genomic, viral, mitochondrial) can be purified from whole blood, tissue and culture cells.
Details
Specifications
Features
Specifications
Main Functions
Isolation total DNA from 10ml blood and 1g tissue using Maxi column
Applications
PCR, southern bolt and virus detection, etc
Purification method
Maxi spin column
Purification technology
Silica technology
Process method
Manual (centrifugation or vacuum)
Sample type
Tissue, cell, blood, saliva, swab, blood spot, semen and other clinical samples
Sample amount
3-10ml
Elution volume
≥700μl
Time per run
≤90 minutes
Liquid carrying volume per column
4ml
Binding yield of column
5mg
Principle
This product is based on silica column purification. The sample is lysed and digested with lysate and protease, DNA is released into the lysate. Transfer to an adsorption column. Nucleic acid is adsorbed on the membrane, while protein is not adsorbed and is removed with filtration. After washing proteins and other impurities, Nucleic acid was finally eluted with low-salt buffer (10mm Tris, pH9.0, 0.5mm EDTA).
Advantages
High quality DNA – meet a variety of downstream applications, including PCR, qPCR, enzyme digestion, hybridization, etc.
Fast – without separation of leukocytes, organic extraction or ethanol precipitation
Simple – all nucleic acids can be obtained by direct digestion
Pertinence – specially designed for isolating DNA from 3-10ml blood and related body fluids
Wide applicability – handle a variety of liquid samples
Proteinase K, RNase A should be stored at 2-8°C upon arrival. However, short-term storage (up to 12 weeks) at room temperature (15-25°C) does not affect their performance. The remaining kit components can be stored at room temperature (15-25°C) and are stable for at least 18 months under these conditions.
Blood samples contain rich DNA, including mitochondrial DNA, genomic DNA, circulating DNA (mostly released into blood after tumor cell apoptosis) in white blood cells, as well as parasitic viral or microbial DNA. These DNA are important parameters in clinical testing or diagnosis, which are also valuable materials for medical research. There are three main issues with extracting DNA from blood samples:
