Organophosphate compounds (OP) account for the largest class of rural and urban poisons in the world that are used to kill pests but can also be toxic to humans. OPs cause toxicity by means of blocking the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AchE). The AChE-directed OPs react with a serine residue that is located at the catalytic site found within the AChE gorge. The OP targeted enzyme is no longer able to hydrolyze ACh, resulting in the buildup of ACh in the nerve synapse. This effect causes excessive excitation of the nerves, producing uncoordinated movements, tremors, paralysis and death. Both synthetic and natural(Guanitoxin) organophosphates are dangerous to humans — exposure can lead to visual, coordination, muscular, and neurological deficiencies, and in some cases even to death. In turn, exposure to OP is a significant public health concern which would significantly benefit from an improved detection platform.
Attogene’s Organophosphate detection kit is in designed specifically to detect Organophosphate in liquid samples. For solid samples a simple sample preparation method is performed. The ability to detect Organophosphate is performed is simple and sensitive. The reaction uses a chromophore that can be detected by eye. In the presence of Organophosphate, the rate of chromophore production is reduced in a concentration dependent fashion. The higher the concentration of Organophosphate the less color is produced.
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R4165 HiPure HP Plant RNA Mini Kit
Product Info
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Product Info
Introduction
HiPure HP Plant RNA Mini Kit combines guanidine isothiocyanate lysing and silica gel membrane purification technology to simplify total RNA extraction. Ultracentrifugation in CsCl purification and LiCl / ethanol precipitation are not required. The kit uses DNase digestion to completely remove DNA. It is suitable for extracting up to 100μg of total RNA (including miRNA) from plant samples less than 200mg. Several samples can be extracted within 40 minutes. The purified RNA can be directly used for RT-PCR, fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, Northern hybridization, second generation sequencing, etc.
Details
Specifications
Features
Specifications
Main Functions
Isolation total RNA (include miRNA) from <200mg difficult-to-extract plant samples (use low toxicity chloroform substitutes)
Applications
RT-PCR, qPCR, Northern hybridization, second generation sequencing, nucleic acid protection, in vitro translation
Purification method
Mini spin column
Purification technology
Silica technology
Process method
Manual (centrifugation or vacuum)
Sample type
Hard-to-extraction plant samples such as fruit and seed, grape leaves, tea
Sample amount
≤200 mg
Elution volume
≥30μl
Time per run
1-24 samples within 30 minutes
Liquid carrying volume per column
800µl
Binding yield of column
100µg
Principle
This kit uses glass fiber filter membrane purification technique, and only requires simple combination-washing-elution steps. The sample is lysed and homogenized in the solution containing guanidine salt, ethanol is added to provide appropriate binding conditions, and transferred to the purification column for centrifugation. Up to 100µg of RNA can be selectively bound to the membrane, pollutants are efficiently washed off after three times of washing, and finally the purified RNA is eluted by RNase Free Water.
Advantages
Completely remove DNA by using of DNase
High quality – one-step RNA extraction reagent combined with silica gel column can obtain the highest concentration
Fast – several samples can be extracted in 40 minutes by column method
Sensitive – RNA can be recovered at the level of PG
Broad spectrum – various types of plant samples can be processed by diversity of operating procedures
Kit Contents
Contents
R416502
D416503
Purification Times
50 Preps
250 Preps
HiPure RNA Mini Columns
50
250
2ml Collection Tubes
100
250
DNase I
600 μl
5 x 600 μl
DNase Buffer
6 ml
30 ml
Buffer PAL
60 ml
270 ml
Buffer GXP2*
20 ml
100 ml
Buffer BDP
60 ml
270 ml
Buffer RW1
50 ml
250 ml
Buffer RW2*
20 ml
2 x 50 ml
RNase Free Water
10 ml
30 ml
Storage and Stability
DNase I should be stored at -20-8°C upon arrival. The remaining kit components can be stored at room temperature (15-25°C) and are stable for at least 18 months under these conditions. The entire kit can be stored at 2-8°C, but in this case buffers should be redissolved before use. Make sure that all buffers are at room temperature when used.
Purchase Guide
1. When dealing with woody or uncommon samples, R4150 is recommended first. R4150 contains two polysaccharide/polyphenol lysis buffer, which is the most universal product.
2. R4151 is recommended for handling common economic crop samples for the first time. Strong lysis solution can be used to process easy-extraction samples. The amount of corn or rice leaves samples can reach up to 300mg.
3. R4165 adopts CTAB/chloroform method, which can also handle a large number of difficult-to-extraction plants, but requires contact with chloroform substitutes, which is less safe than other kits. This kit uses DNase Ⅰ to remove DNA, which is also a good choice for extracting polysaccharide/polyphenol-rich plant samples.
4. R4014 is recommended for fruit/starch plant samples, which uses improved trizol pre-treatment, single column operation and is more economical.
Select the right purification kit to get impactful results：
HiPure HP Plant RNA Mini Kit combines guanidine isothiocyanate lysing and silica gel membrane purification technology to simplify total RNA extraction. Ultracentrifugation in CsCl purification and LiCl / ethanol precipitation are not required. The kit uses DNase digestion to completely remove DNA. It is suitable for extracting up to 100μg of total RNA (including miRNA) from plant samples less than 200mg. Several samples can be extracted within 40 minutes. The purified RNA can be directly used for RT-PCR, fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, Northern hybridization, second generation sequencing, etc.
t-Boc-N-Amido-PEG8-propargyl has an alkyne group and Boc-protected amine. The alkyne group reacts with azide-bearing compounds or biomolecules via copper catalyzed Click Chemistry. The deprotection of Boc-protected amine can be peformed under mild acidic conditions. The hydrophilic PEG chain enhances the solubility of the molecule in aqueous solution. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
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t-Boc-N-Amido-PEG8-propargyl has an alkyne group and Boc-protected amine. The alkyne group reacts with azide-bearing compounds or biomolecules via copper catalyzed Click Chemistry. The deprotection of Boc-protected amine can be peformed under mild acidic conditions. The hydrophilic PEG chain enhances the solubility of the molecule in aqueous solution. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.
Collagen is a fundamental component of the extracellular matrix, and the predominant protein in animals, constituting around 30% of total protein mass. A glycoprotein, it is well known for its triple helical structure. This is formed from three polypeptide α-chains with Gly-X-Y repeating residues (Gly for Glycine, X for proline, and Y for hydroxyproline).
Types of Collagen
Over 28 types of collagens have been identified, with Type I collagen being the most abundant. It’s prevalent in ligaments, tendons, skin, and bone tissue. Its mature, insoluble form grants it remarkable strength, making it vital for the mobility of organisms. Collagen also has biochemical functions, influencing cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation.
This version of the kit is designed to detect and measure SOLUBLE forms of collagen. Chose the Sircol Insoluble collagen kit if you need to analyse INSOLUBLE collagen.
Applications of Collagen
Collagen, with its diverse properties, finds utility in various industries. It plays a role in medicine for wound healing and has an expanding role in tissue engineering and cell culture for biomedical purposes. It’s gaining popularity in the cosmetic industry for skin rejuvenation and is used in chemical formulations and the food industry as a functional food supplement and additive.
How does Sircol 2.0 detect collagen?
The Sircol 2.0 dye reagent includes Sirius Red, a linear anionic dye with sulfonic acid side chains. This reagent is specially formulated to bind to the Gly-X-Yn helical structure of soluble collagen under assay conditions.
*The improved formulation of Sircol 2.0 dye enables a greater degree of dye-collagen specificity (compared to our previous S1000 assay kit).
Overview of the Sircol 2.0 assay process:
Step 1. Prepared samples are placed in the wells of the assay microplate, together with Sircol Dye Reagent. After 30 minutes mixing, any collagen-dye complexes will form as a precipitate. These are collected on the base of the microplate wells by centrifugation.
Step 2. Unbound dye is removed by gentle aspiration, followed by a rinse with Plate Wash Reagent.
Step 3. Following further centrifugation, collagen-bound dye is eluted by incubation with a Dye Release Reagent. Eluted dye is detected ‘in-situ’ by spectrophotometric analysis of the microplate at 556nm.
Step 4. The collagen content of unknown samples can be quantified by comparison against a calibration curve, prepared using the Collagen Reference Standard supplied with the kit.
A list of suggested sample types can be found under the ‘Assay Specification‘ tab.
Colorimetric Detection (556nm) (Endpoint), Requires a microplate centrifuge.
Measurements per kit
96 in total (allows a maximum of 41 samples to be run in duplicate alongside a standard curve).
Suitable Samples
Soluble* collagens from mammalian**:
In-vivo: Tissues, cartilages and fluids.
In-vitro: Extracellular matrices / Conditioned media from 2D/3D culture environments.
The straightforward sample processing and analysis of Sirco 2.0 make it a good alternative to conventional hydroxyproline analysis.
*Prior salt/acid/acid-pepsin extraction may be necessary to release soluble collagen.
**Sircol 2.0 is primarily designed for use with in-vivo / in-vitro samples of mammalian origin. Collagens originating from other taxonomic groups and kingdoms can also be analysed. See note on p6 of manual for further information.
Precautions
This kit is designed for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Kit requires access to a microplate centrifuge* (see note below), as well as a spectrophotometer/colorimeter capable of absorbance detection at 556nm. Specific sample preparation protocols may require customer to provide further reagents, consult assay manual for further information.
*As a minimum, we recommend that the centrifuge can centrifuge a 96-well microplate at 400 x g for 120 minutes. Higher speed centrifuges are recommended (up to a maximum of 2000 x g), allowing a reduction in centrifuge time.
Sircol 2.0 kit contents:
1. Dye Reagent (1x20ml)
2. Collagen Reference Standard (1x5ml, 200µg/ml of soluble Bovine collagen)
3. Plate Wash Reagent (1x28ml)
4. Collagen Concentration Reagent (1x25ml)
5. Neutralisation Reagent (1x8ml)
6. Dye Release Reagent (1x25ml)
7. Assay Microplate (1×96-wells)
8. Microplate Seals (6x)
9. Documentation (QuickStart Guide / Manual / Certificate of Analysis)
NB: Additional reagents may be required for sample preparation prior to assay. Consult manual or contact us for further details. This kit requires the use of a microplate centrifuge, capable of centrifuging a 96-well microplate at 400 x g for 120 minutes. Higher speed centrifuges are recommended (up to a maximum of 2000 x g), allowing a reduction in centrifuge time.
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Experience user-friendly detection & measurement of Soluble Collagen with Sircol™ 2.0! Our latest kit simplifies collagen quantification within in-vivo / in-vitro samples. Sircol 2.0 offers enhanced sensitivity and accuracy compared to our previous Sircol kit.
