Introduction

Soil samples contain a large number of microorganisms, the vast majority of which can not be directly cultivated for reproduction and research. Extracting DNA from soil samples is the most effective method for studying soil microorganisms. At present, there are mainly direct and indirect methods for extracting microbial DNA from soil samples. The direct method refers to placing soil samples in the lysis solution, and using effective wall breaking methods to release all microbial DNA into the lysis solution, followed by separation and extraction, such as Zhou’s method. Indirect method refers to placing soil in a buffer, such as Buffer PBS, to separate microorganisms from the soil and then extract DNA. The indirect method can greatly reduce the impact of humic acids and heavy metal salts on DNA extraction in soil, but this method will lose many microorganisms and the resulting DNA is not the entire genome (metagenome) of the soil sample. Currently, few researchers have adopted this method. Extracting DNA directly from soil samples can maximize the likelihood of obtaining the entire genome, but this method faces the following issues:

1. Humic acid pollution. The soil, especially in forests and grasslands, is rich in humic acids. Humic acid is a series of organic molecules, some of which are very similar to nucleic acid molecules and difficult to remove during purification. Trace amounts of humic acid pollution can lead to downstream applications such as PCR and enzyme digestion failure.

2. Lysis method. Soil samples contain various microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. Gram positive bacteria and fungi both contain very thick bacterial walls, and effectively breaking down the cell walls of these microorganisms is crucial for extracting high-yield metagenomic DNA. Due to the complexity of soil samples, it is not feasible to use enzymatic methods (such as lysozyme, wall breaking enzyme, snail enzyme) or liquid nitrogen grinding, as the soil contains various metalions or inhibitory factors that inactive the digestive enzymes, or the presence of sand particles in the soil makes liquid nitrogen grinding difficult.

3. The DNA yield is difficult to control. Soil samples would have significant changes in the number and variety of microorganisms due to fertility, inferiority, high moisture content, dryness, or depth of sampling. In a small range of soil samples, the DNA content often varies by thousands of times. In addition, certain chemical components in soil, such as heavy metal salts and clay substances, can cause a decrease in DNA yield.

Magen’s HiPure Soil DNA Kits are currently the most optimized kit for soil DNA extraction. The kit adopts glass bead grinding method and thermal shock chemical wall breaking method, which can be carried out in the point vortex instrument without special bead grinding instrument, and is suitable for a wide range of laboratories. The Absorber Solution in the reagent kit is a humic acid adsorbent exclusively developed by Magen Company, which can efficiently remove various humic acid pollutants. In addition, an alcohol-free silica gel column purification method is also used to efficiently remove various soluble metal salts and other soluble inhibitory factors from the soil. The kit has successfully extracted from the following soil (partially based on customer feedback): soil from forests in nature reserves (30 to 40 years old forest soil with a surface layer of 30-50cm deciduous layer), mangrove soil, grasslands, farmland, seabed mud, sludge, mineral area soil, organic matter contaminated soil, pond mud, garbage mud, air conditioning pipeline deposits, etc.

This product allows rapid and reliable isolation of high-quality genomic DNA from various soil samples. Up to 500 mg soil samples can be processed in 60 minute. The system combines the reversible nucleic acid binding properties of HiPure matrix with the speed and versatilityof spin column technology to eliminate PCR inhibiting compounds such as humic acid from soil samples. Purified DNA is suitable for PCR, restriction digestion, and next-generation sequencing. There are no organic extractions thus reducing plastic waste and hands-on time to allow multiple samples to be processed in parallel.

Details

Specifications

Features	Specifications
Main Functions	Isolation DNA from 200-500mg soil sample
Applications	PCR, southern blot and enzyme digestion, etc.
Purification method	Mini spin column
Purification technology	Silica technology
Process method	Manual (centrifugation or vacuum)
Sample type	Soil
Sample amount	200-500mg
Elution volume	≥30μl
Time per run	≤60 minutes
Liquid carrying volume per column	800μl
Binding yield of column	100μg

Principle

Soil sample is homogenized and then treated in a specially formulated buffer containing detergent to lyse bacteria, yeast, and fungal samples. humic acid,proteins, polysaccharides, and other contaminants are removed using our proprietary Absorber Solution. Binding conditions are then adjusted and the sample is applied to a DNA Mini Column. Two rapid wash steps remove trace contaminants and pure DNA is eluted in low ionic strength buffer. Purified DNA can be directly used in downstream applications without the need for further purification.

Advantages

• Fast – several samples can be extracted in 40 minutes (after digestion)
• High purity – purified DNA can be directly used in various downstream applications
• Good repeatability – silica technology can obtain ideal results every time
• High recovery – DNA can be recovered at the level of PG

Kit Contents

Contents	D314202	D314203
Purification Times	50 Preps	250 Preps
Hipure DNA Mini Columns II	50	250
2ml Collection Tubes	50	250
2ml Bead Tubes	50	250
Buffer SOL	60 ml	250 ml
Buffer SDS	5 ml	20 ml
Buffer PS	10 ml	50 ml
Absorber Solution	10 ml	50 ml
Buffer GWP	40 ml	220  ml
Buffer DW1	30 ml	150  ml
Buffer GW2*	20 ml	2 x 50  ml
Buffer AE	15 ml	30 ml

Storage and Stability

Absorber Solution should be stored at 2-8°C upon arrival. However, short-term storage (up to 24 weeks) at room temperature (15-25°C) does not affect their performance. The remaining kit components can be stored dry at room temperature (15-25°C) and are stable for at least 18 months under these conditions.

Experiment Data

Soil samples contain a large number of microorganisms, the vast majority of which can not be directly cultivated for reproduction and research. Extracting DNA from soil samples is the most effective method for studying soil microorganisms. At present, there are mainly direct and indirect methods for extracting microbial DNA from soil samples. The direct method refers to placing soil samples in the lysis solution, and using effective wall breaking methods to release all microbial DNA into the lysis solution, followed by separation and extraction, such as Zhou’s method. Indirect method refers to placing soil in a buffer, such as Buffer PBS, to separate microorganisms from the soil and then extract DNA. The indirect method can greatly reduce the impact of humic acids and heavy metal salts on DNA extraction in soil, but this method will lose many microorganisms and the resulting DNA is not the entire genome (metagenome) of the soil sample. Currently, few researchers have adopted this method. Extracting DNA directly from soil samples can maximize the likelihood of obtaining the entire genome, but this method faces the following issues:

N-(Propargyl-PEG4-carbonyl)-N-bis(PEG1-methyl ester) is a crosslinker that can react with azide compounds or biomolecules via copper catalyzed Click Chemistry to form a stable triazole linkage. The methyl ester groups can be hydrolyzed, reduced, or substituted under different conditions. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.

N-(Propargyl-PEG4-carbonyl)-N-bis(PEG1-methyl ester) is a crosslinker that can react with azide compounds or biomolecules via copper catalyzed Click Chemistry to form a stable triazole linkage. The methyl ester groups can be hydrolyzed, reduced, or substituted under different conditions. Reagent grade, for research purpose. Please contact us for GMP-grade inquiries.

Overview

• Extract total RNA (including microRNA) from FFPE samples
• No phenol extraction step
• Includes DNase for optional on-column DNA removal
• Isolated RNA is of the highest quality and integrity
• Isolate a diversity of RNA species
• Purified RNA is suitable for a variety of downstream applications, including Small RNA Sequencing. Find out more information on Norgen’s NGS services
• Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s proprietary resin separation matrix

Norgen’s FFPE RNA Purification Kits provide a rapid method for the isolation and purification of total RNA (including microRNA) from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples in as little as 1 hour. Using formalin to fix tissues leads to crosslinking of the RNA and proteins, and the process of embedding the tissue samples can also lead to fragmentation of the RNA over time. Norgen’s FFPE RNA Purification Kits provide conditions that allow for the partial reversing of the formalin modifications, resulting in a high quality and yield of RNA. These kits are able to purify all sizes of RNA, from large mRNA and ribosomal RNA down to microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), depending on the age of the FFPE tissue as fragmentation of the RNA is known to occur over time. The RNA is preferentially purified from other cellular components without the use of phenol or chloroform.

FFPE RNA Purification Kit (Spin Column)

Maximum loading volume of 650 μL per column, and a maximum binding capacity of 50 μg per column.

FFPE RNA Purification 96-Well Kit (High Throughput)

Purification is based on 96-well column chromatography using Norgen’s proprietary resin as the separation matrix. Purification can be performed using either a vacuum manifold or centrifugation. Maximum loading volume of 400 μL per well, and a maximum binding capacity of 50 μg per well.

Details

Supporting Data

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Kit Specifications
Maximum Column Binding Capacity	Up to 50 µg RNA
Maximum Loading Volume Per Spin Column	650 µL
Size of RNA Purified	All sizes, including small RNA (< 200 nt)
Time to Complete 10 Purifications	1-4 hours*
Maximum Amount of Starting Material	5 slices of < 20 µm thick paraffin slices 25 mg of unsectioned block
Average Yield	Variable due to age of paraffin blocks ~2-3 µg of Total RNA per 1 mg of fresh FFPE hamster kidney

* Time required for purification varies by length of Proteinase K incubation and formalin crosslink-reversal

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Storage Conditions and Product Stability
All solutions should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. The DNAse I and Proteinase K should be stored at -20°C upon arrival. This kit is stable for 1 year from the date of shipment.

Component	Cat. 25300 (50 preps)	Cat. 25400 (2 x 96 preps)
Digestion Buffer A	25 mL	2 x 25 mL
Buffer RL	30 mL	2 x 30 mL
Enzyme Incubation Buffer	6 mL	2 x 6 mL
Wash Solution A	38 mL	2 x 38 mL
Elution Solution A	6 mL	2 x 20 mL
Proteinase K	12 mg	2 x 20 mg
DNase I	1 vial	2 x 500μL
Micro Spin Columns	50	–
96-Well Incubation Plate	–	2
96-Well Plate	–	2
Adhesive Tape	–	8
Collection Tubes	50	–
96-Well Collection Plate	–	2
Elution Tubes (1.7 mL)	50	–
96-Well Elution Plate	–	2
Product Insert	1	1