Screening of saxitoxin in shellfish samples as low as 50ppb in sample
Format: 25 tests (12 tests, 12 controls)
Filters, syringes, extract collection tubes, buffers
Run Time: 30 Minutes
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Screening of saxitoxin in shellfish samples as low as 50ppb in sample
Saxitoxins (STXs) are naturally occurring alkaloids produced by some marine dinoflagellates and by strains of various species of freshwater cyanobacteria. Saxitoxin is one of the prevalent paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs). It belongs to a family of potent neurotoxins with a molecular weight around 300 Da. Saxitoxin and its derivatives are alkaloids composed of a tetrahydropurine ring system with a highly polar guanidinium group. Due to their significant toxicity, saxitoxins are closely monitored in marine environments where they can accumulate in the food chain during harmful algal blooms (HABs). An action level of 800ppb, or 80ug per 100grams of shellfish, has been established.
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Total RNA Purification Kits
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Product Info
Overview
Extract high quality & quantity total RNA including miRNA
No phenol step required; isolate all RNA in one fraction
Bind & elute all RNA irrespective of size or GC content, without bias
Very sensitive & linear down to a few cells without the need for carrier RNA
Isolate from a wide variety of specimens
Purified RNA is suitable for a variety of downstream applications, including Small RNA Sequencing. Find out more information on Norgen’s NGS services
Available in a variety of formats to suit your needs
Purification is based on spin column chromatography that uses Norgen’s resin separation matrix
These kits are suitable for the isolation of total RNA from a range of samples including cells, bacteria, yeast, virus and bodily fluids including plasma/serum, blood, saliva, CSF and more. Extract high quality and purity RNA with excellent RIN values and A260/A280 suitable for downstream applications including qRT-PCR, RT-PCR, microarrays, NGS and more. These kits purify all sizes of RNA from large mRNA, lncRNA down to microRNA (miRNA) in the same fraction without the requirement of phenol. Isolate all RNA sequences at an equal rate irrespective of size. Moreover, when the RNA sequences are small (e.g. miRNA), the column binds small RNAs regardless of their GC content.
Total RNA Purification 96-Well Kit (High Throughput and High Throughput Deep Well)
This 96-well kit provides a rapid method for the high-throughput isolation and purification of total RNA in 30 minutes using vacuum manifold, plate centrifuge, or liquid handlers with vacuum capabilities. Total RNA can be isolated from a broad range of sample sources including cultured cells, tissues, blood, serum, plasma, bacteria, yeast, fungi, and viruses.
* for isolating total RNA from larger amounts of tissue, please use Norgen’s Animal Tissue RNA Purification Kit (Cat# 25700)
Storage Conditions and Product Stability All solutions should be kept tightly sealed and stored at room temperature. These kits are stable for 2 years after the date of shipment.
Not all cyanobacterial strains produce toxins. However, the toxin-producing strains cannot be distinguished from the nontoxin-producing strains by traditional light microscopy, commonlyused to monitor water bodies. An alternative for the differentiation of potentially toxic strains from nontoxic strains is to use molecular methods to detect the presence of toxin biosynthetic genes. Such methods are already available and could be used for the detection and identification of potential microcystin and nodularin producers present in environmental samples (Attogene catalog number NA2024).
Screening for the toxin itself, can be very costly. In turn, real time PCR for the detection of a gene region responsible for assembling in cyanobacterial strains and environmental samples can be a key indicator for the prescense of cyanobacteria capable of expressing the aetokthonotoxin toxin. Attogen has thus, designed primer pairs and probes targeting a the conserved gene region in order to enable the amplification and detection of several producer genera using real time PCR. Screening for the toxin genes can save significant costs and act as a triage for samples needing to be analyzed for the toxin itself.
Cyanobacterial neurotoxin aetokthonotoxin (AETX), a peculiar pentabrominated biindole alkaloid implicated in fatal Vacuolar Myelinopathy. This neurodegenerative disease was first recorded in 1994 during an outbreak of bald-eagle poisonings at De Gray Lake in Arkansas, USA. AETX was experimentally confirmed to be produced by the true branching heterocytous cyanobacterium Aetokthonos hydrillicola. The production of AETX is dependent on bromide (Br−) availability, and likely linked to its hyper-accumulation by the host plan. Thus regular monitoring of A. hydrillicola (accompanied by assessment of Br− and AETX levels) is highly advisable to predict the possible threat of further VM outbreaks.
The cyanobacterial AetA gene which encodes the unique FAD-dependent halogenase involved in the pathway for AETX synthesis has been adapted to develop a -aetokthonotoxin specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay.
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Real time qPCR kit for AetA gene
For screening aetokthonotoxin gene cluster
Use in combination with Attogene Algae DNA isolation kit
The Opentrons Thermocycler Module GEN2 is a fully automated on-deck thermocycler, providing hands-free PCR in a 96-well plate format. Compatible with Opentrons hardware and software to allow for fully automated PCR reaction setup and thermocycling on your Opentrons robot. The heated lid and disposable seal fit tightly over the plate, ensuring efficient sample heating and minimal evaporation.
If you choose to include the Opentrons Flex Caddy and Calibration Adapter, your order will ship in 20 business days.
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The Opentrons Thermocycler Module GEN2 is a fully automated on-deck thermocycler, providing hands-free PCR in a 96-well plate format. Compatible with Opentrons hardware and software to allow for fully automated PCR reaction setup and thermocycling on your Opentrons robot. The heated lid and disposable seal fit tightly over the plate, ensuring efficient sample heating and minimal evaporation.
If you choose to include the Opentrons Flex Caddy and Calibration Adapter, your order will ship in 20 business days.